{"text_format":"1","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":104,"sheets":["Front Page","Disclaimer","RAG ","Policy 1 Sustainable Dev","Policy 2 Scale of Growth ","Policy 3 Infrastructure Growth","Policy 4 Location of Growth","Policy 5 Management of Growth","Policy 6 Ensuring Good Growth ","Policy 7 Mixed Use Development","Policy 8 Intensification","Policy 9 South Waltham Forest","Policy 10 Central WalthamForest","Policy 11 North Waltham Forest","Policy 12 Inc Hou Supply","Policy 13 Deli Afford Hsing","Policy 14 Aff. Housing Tenure","Policy 15 Housing Size & Mix","Policy 16 AccessAdpatabl Hsing ","Policy 17 Redev Hsing & Est Reg","Policy 18 Other forms of Hsing","Policy 19 Small Sites ","Policy 20 Hsing in Multi Occ","Policy 21 Downsizing ","Policy 22 Sup & Spec Accom","Policy 23 Gypsies & Travellers","Policy 24 CommSelf Build Hsing","Policy 25 Sup Econ Growth & Job","Policy 26 Safeguarding SIL","Policy 27 Safeguarding LSIS","Policy 28 Safeguarding BEA","Policy 29 Appro to Non-Desig EL","Policy 30 Indust Master Approac","Policy 31 Co-location Design","Policy 32 Workspaces ","Policy 33 Affordable Workspaces","Policy 34 LocalJobs Skill & Tr","Policy 35 Railway Arches ","Policy 36 Promoting Cult&Creati","Policy 37 Protecting Pubs","Policy 38 Blackhorse Lane CEZ","Policy 39 Hierarchy of Centres","Policy 40 Retail Office & Leisu","Policy 41 Des Centre & Parades","Policy 42 Man COU Prim Shops","Policy 43 Man COU Nonshop Front","Policy 44 Manage COU Neigh Cent","Policy 45 Proposals Non-Des Cen","Policy 46 Pro of Particular Use","Policy 46 Evening & Night Uses","Policy 47 Shopfronts & Signage","Policy 48 Soc&CommInfra","Policy 49 Ed&ChildFac","Policy 50 PromotHealthComms","Policy 51 Health Impact Assess","Policy 52 Making Safer Places ","Policy 53 Noise, Vib & Light Po","Policy 54 HotFoodTakeaways","Policy 55 Betting& Payday Shops","Policy 56 High Qu Design","Policy 57 Taller Buil","Policy 58 Resid Space Standards","Policy 59 Residential Amenity","Policy 60 Designing out Crime","Policy 61 Advertisements","Policy 62 Promoting Sus Trans","Policy 63 Active Travel","Policy 64 Public Tran","Policy 65 Develop&Trans Impacts","Policy 66 Freight & Serv","Policy 67 Cons. Logistics Plan","Policy 68 Manag Vehicle Traffic","Policy 69 Electric Vehicles"," Policy 70 Utilities Infrastruc"," Policy 71 Digital Infrastruct","Policies 72 Desi Heritage  ","Policy 73 List Buil","Policy 74 Conservation Areas","Policy 75 Archaeological PZs","Policy 76 NonDesignat Heritage","Policy 77 Locally Listed Build.","Policy 78 Highams Area of SC","Policy 79 GreenInfraNatEnvi","Policy 80 OpenSpaSpoRec","Policy 81 Bio&Geo","Policy 82 Trees","Policy 83 Epping Forest SAC","Policy 84 Lee Valley RP","Policy 85 Waterways","Policy 86 Food Grow&Allot","Policy 87 A Zero Carbon Borough","Policy 88 Dec & Ren Energy","Policy 89 Sust Design & Constru","Policy 90 Air Pollution","Policy 91 Water Quality & Res","Policy 92 Contaminated Land","Policy 93 Managing Flood Risk","Policy 94 Overheating","Policy 95 Waste Management","Policy 96 Infra & Dev Contribu","Policy 97 Mon & Prom Grth Targ","Summary table","Summary","Pivot Chart"],"not_rendered":{"charts":1,"images":4,"macros":1,"external_links":4,"defined_names":760,"comments":0,"pivot_tables":1},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"Front Page","index":0,"n_rows":36,"n_cols":11,"rows_kept":36,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[9,2,10,10],[20,5,20,10],[14,2,14,10]]}
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[null,null,"Waltham Forest Proposed Submission Local Plan "]
[null,null,"Appendix C: Local Plan Part 1 Policies \nRe-Assessment"]
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[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Prepared by:"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"ClearLead Consulting Ltd "]
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[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Date: 21/10/2020"]
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[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Project Ref: C0093"]

{"sheet":"Disclaimer","index":1,"n_rows":42,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":42,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[40,1,40,2],[40,6,40,7],[41,1,41,2],[41,6,41,7],[21,2,34,6],[37,1,37,2],[37,6,37,7],[38,1,38,2],[38,6,38,7],[39,1,39,2],[39,6,39,7]]}
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[null,null,null,"Contract  No:","C0093"]
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[null,null,null,"Issue",4]
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[null,null,null,"Author        ","I Teague"]
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[null,null,null,"Project Director                     ","J Mitchell"]
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[null,null,null,"Date:","2020-10-21"]
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[null,null,"LIMITATIONS\nThis report has been prepared by ClearLead Consulting Limited solely for the use of the Client and those parties with whom a warranty agreement has been executed, or with whom an assignment has been agreed. Should any third party wish to use or rely upon the contents of the report, written approval must be sought from ClearLead Consulting Limited; a charge may be levied against such approval.\nClearLead Consulting Limited accepts no responsibility or liability for:\na) the consequences of this document being used for any purpose or project other than for which it was commissioned, and\nb)  the use of this document by any third party with whom an agreement has not been executed.\nThe work undertaken to provide the basis of this report comprised a study of available documented information from a variety of sources (including the Client) and discussions with relevant authorities and other interested parties.  The opinions given in this report have been dictated by the finite data on which they are based and are relevant only to the purpose for which the report was commissioned. The information reviewed should not be considered exhaustive and has been accepted in good faith as providing true and representative data pertaining to site conditions. Should additional information become available which may affect the opinions expressed in this report, ClearLead Consulting Limited reserves the right to review such information and, if warranted, to modify the opinions accordingly.\nIt should be noted that any recommendations identified in this report are based on information provided by the Client and as gathered during the site survey. In some cases access cannot be granted to all areas of the site, in these instances and in the absence of information to the contrary, ClearLead Consulting Limited will use the information provided to complete the report.\n"]
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[null,"VERSION CONTROL RECORD"]
[null,"Issue",null,"Description of Status","Date","Reviewer Initials","Authors Initials"]
[null,1,null,"Draft","2018-09-19","JM/VP","IT/LD"]
[null,2,null,"\nRevised policies assessment draft","2020-09-29",null,"IT/LD"]
[null,3,null,"Revised policies assessment final","2020-10-15","VP","IT/LD"]
[null,4,null,"Final","2020-10-21","VP","IT"]

{"sheet":"RAG ","index":2,"n_rows":33,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":33,"cut":false,"hidden":true,"merged":[[23,1,24,1],[25,1,26,1],[31,1,32,1],[2,1,3,1],[4,1,10,1],[19,1,20,1],[21,1,22,1],[27,1,29,1],[11,1,14,1],[15,1,17,1]]}
[]
[null,"SA Objective","Indicator","RAG Criteria","Justification"]
[null,"SA 3: Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Proximity to a GPs/Health centre/hospital",">800m \n400-800m\n<400m","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]
[null,null,"Proximity to recreational facilities ",">800m \n400-800m\n<400m","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Proximity to a Town, Local, Neighbourhood or District Centres",">0.8km walking distance \n<0.8km walking distance\n<0.4km walking distance\n<0.2km walking distance","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]
[null,null,"Proximity to a primary school",">3.2km \n<3.2km\n<1km","Home to School Transport and Travel Guidance, 2014 "]
[null,null,"Proximity to a secondary school",">4.8km \n<4.8km\n<1km","Home to School Transport and Travel Guidance, 2014 "]
[null,null,"Proximity to a community centre",">800m \n400-800m\n<400m"]
[null,null,"Proximity to a place of worship",">800m \n400-800m\n<400m"]
[null,null,"Proximity to a shopping frontage",">800m \n400-800m\n<400m"]
[null,null,"Proximity to recreation facilities ",">800m \n400-800m\n<400m","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2014"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated ","Proximity to a bus stop",">400m \n<400m ","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]
[null,null,"Proximity to a train/tube station",">800m \n<800m","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]
[null,null,"Proximity to an employment area",">800m \n400-800m \n<400m"]
[null,null,"PTAL Score","0-2\n3-4\n5-6B","Transport for London, Measuring Public Transport Accessibility Levels, 2010 "]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality","Proximity to a bus stop",">400m \n<400m ","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]
[null,null,"Proximity to a train/tube station",">800m \n<800m","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]
[null,null,"PTAL Score","0-2\n3-4\n5-6B","Transport for London, Measuring Public Transport Accessibility Levels, 2010 "]
[null,"SA11 Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","Flood Zone","Zone 3\nZone 2 \nZone 1","Environment Agency Guidance"]
[null,"SA 12 Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources "," LIG/RIG?","Yes\nPart\nNo"]
[null,null,"Previously developed land?","No\nPart\nYes"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","Local Nature Reserve","Includes or is adjacent \n<50m\n>50m","Natural England"]
[null,null,"Priority habitat","Includes or is adjacent \n<50m\n>50m","Natural England"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","Proximity to a SSSI","<200m\n200 - 800m\n>800m","The data for SSSIs is provided by NE and includes sites lying outside of the Borough. The RAG distances have been selected to take account of this and help differentiate between the sites options. It is recognised that distance in itself is not a definitive guide to the likelihood or significance of effects on a SSSI."]
[null,null,"Proximity to a Natura 2000","<400m\n<1km\n>2km","It is recognised that distance in itself is not a definitive guide to the likelihood or significance of effects on a European site. "]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","Green Belt","Yes\nPart\nNo"]
[null,null,"Metropolitan Open Land","Yes\nPart\nNo"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","Conservation Area","Intersects or is adjacent \n<50m\n>50m"]
[null,null,"Listed Buildings","Intersects or is adjacent \n<50m\n>50m"]
[null,null,"Proximity to a historic park or garden? ","<300m\n<1km \n>1km"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality of the Borough's town Centres","Town Centres (Walthamstow or District Centres) ",">0.8km walking distance \n<0.8km walking distance\n<0.4km walking distance\n<0.2km walking distance","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Town, Neighbourhood or Local  Centres (Walthamstow, District Centres) ",">0.8km walking distance \n<0.8km walking distance\n<0.4km walking distance\n<0.2km walking distance","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]
[null,null,"Borough Employment Areas",">800m \n400-800m \n<400m","CIHT Planning for Walking Guidelines, 2015 "]

{"sheet":"Policy 1 Sustainable Dev","index":3,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Presumption in Favour of Sustainable Development "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective in principal as it promotes sustainable growth but its primary purpose is to ensure that new development delivers sustainable development rather than be specific to housing need.  It does not address key sustainability issues and is therefore considered to have a neutral effect.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy promotes sustainable development across the borough that improves the economic, social and environmental conditions in the borough. This will contribute to improving the standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough and is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy promotes sustainable growth that brings benefits for all sectors of the Waltham Forest community including existing and new residential/business communities created by new development.  This supports the achievement of this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect as it does not address key sustainability issues.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  No potential impact pathway is identified and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes sustainable development across the borough that improves the economic, social and environmental conditions in the borough. This will contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy promotes sustainable development across the borough that improves the economic, social and environmental conditions in the borough. This will contribute to promoting the construction of energy efficient buildings and help to conserve energy.  It is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy has the potential to support the achievement of this objective but more details would be needed specifically in relation to transport in order to conclude that a positive effect is likely to be achieved. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy has the potential to support the achievement of this objective but more details would be needed specifically in relation to the efficient use of and protection of water resources in order to conclude that a positive effect is likely to be achieved. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy promotes sustainable development across the borough that improves the economic, social and environmental conditions in the borough. This should result in new development incorporating SUDS to help reduce flood risk for example and is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy has the potential to support the achievement of this objective and result in the efficient use of land within the borough but more details would be needed specifically in relation to use of land and redevelopment to conclude that a positive effect is likely to be achieved by this policy. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy has the potential to support the achievement of this objective because it aims to 'improve the economic, social and environmental conditions in the borough' but more details would be needed specifically in relation to protection and enhancement of biodiversity and the natural environment and improving resilience to climate change in order to conclude that a positive effect is likely to be achieved. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. HRA Screening has screened this policy out as it is a general policy. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy makes clear how developments will be informed and shaped by the suite of policies that have been developed by the Council to ensure that development and growth are positive and that they also enhance the existing physical environment. This will contribute to maintaining and enhancing green belt and open spaces areas. It is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.   ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","Local/ Low","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy promotes sustainable development that improves the economic, social and environmental conditions in the borough.  This will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres and is therefore  considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes sustainable development that improves the economic, social and environmental conditions in the borough.  This should contribute to improving the local economy by enabling employment developments however, this policy does not identify the locations of development and neither does it address any of the key sustainability issues in the borough, therefore a minor positive effect is predicted.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 2 Scale of Growth ","index":4,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Scale of Growth "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy sets out the scale of growth across the borough and includes the net increase of housing to be planned for and provided which is 27,000 additional homes.  The policy therefore supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues.  It is considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  A specific policy in the Local Plan (policy 60 Designing out crime) should address this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","\nThe policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.    ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","\nThe policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted here.    ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","This policy is likely to increase waste arisings within the borough. The Local Plan contains policy 95 Waste Management which will help to minimise waste arisings and achieve this SA objective, however, a minor negative effect still remains due to the scale of development proposed.  ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Negative",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase greenhouse gas emissions however Policy 87 A Zero Carbon borough provides mitigation for a potential significant negative effect on carbon emissions and this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.   ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase energy use however other Local Plan policies 88 and 89 on decentralised and renewable energy and sustainable design and construction provide mitigation for a potential significant negative effect on carbon emissions and this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase air pollution from transport and developments however Local Plan policy 90 Air Pollution provides mitigation in relation to this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase water pollution from developments however Local Plan Policy 91 Water Quality and Water Resources provides mitigation in relation to this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","Although this policy proposes a high scale of growth, there are other policies within the Local Plan, such as Policy 93 Managing Flood Risk, which will mitigate and minimise potential negative effects on flood risk and should help to improve resilience to climate change. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. This policy has the potential to contribute to the efficient use of land however, it is other policies in the Local Plan that will achieve it. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Although this policy proposes a high scale of growth, there are other policies within the Local Plan, such as Policy 81 Biodiversity and Geodiversity, which will mitigate and minimise potential negative effects on biodiversity and should help to improve resilience to climate change. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. The policy could contribute to a range of potential effects such as in relation to air quality and recreation pressure, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The scale of development proposed by this policy could put pressure on the borough's historic assets. However other policies within the Local Plan such as policies 72 to 78 on designated heritage assets, archaeology, locally listed buildings etc will mitigate and minimise potential negative effects of development. A neutral effect is therefore predicted here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy sets out the scale of growth across the borough and includes the net increase of employment to be planned for and provided which is 52,000sqm. The policy will contribute to promoting further investment in the borough's town centres and supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues.  It is considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy sets out the scale of growth across the borough and includes the net increase of employment to be planned for and provided which is 52,000sqm. The policy will contribute to improving the local economy but does not address all of the key sustainability issues and is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","This policy has the potential to support this SA objective but the policy is not sufficiently detailed to determine whether a significant positive effect would result. Other policies within the Local Plan will do more to maintain stable levels of employment within the borough. Therefore a minor positive effect is predicted here.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects have been predicted for SA1 and SA18 as the policy promotes significant levels of housing, employment and office development which will contribute to the achievement of these objectives.  A potential significant negative effect is recorded in relation to SA14 Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites because the scale of development proposed by the policy has the potential for a significant adverse effect on European sites.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 3 Infrastructure Growth","index":5,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Infrastructure for Growth"]
[null,"Assumptions:","In relation to SA5: Transport not included in the London Plan definition of social infrastructure. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","\nThis policy should indirectly support the provision of 27,000 new homes within the borough, as it aims to ensure that the appropriate infrastructure and facilities are developed alongside future proposals. Therefore, a potential indirect minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy aims to  ensure that future development is accompanied by the appropriate provision of facilities and infrastructure which may help to increase the health and wellbeing of residents and workers within Waltham Forest. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","This policy aims to ensure that future development is accompanied by the appropriate provision of facilities and infrastructure. It is also stipulated that new proposals should avoid placing additional burden on the existing community and/or infrastructure. These measures may help to reduce inequalities between communities within Waltham Forest. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","This policy aims to ensure that infrastructure necessary to meet needs arising from future development will be provided in the borough. This should include specific improvements in public transport, such as Walthamstow Central and Leyton Stations. In addition, a new station should result from the implementation of this policy on Ruckholt Road, linking into the London Overground service. This should enable current and future residents to access the services and facilities they require in and beyond the borough via sustainable transport links, hence a potential significant positive effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The Local Plan contains Policy 95 Waste Management which will help to minimise waste arisings and achieve this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted here.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase greenhouse gas emissions however Policy 90 A Zero Carbon borough provides mitigation for a potential significant negative effect on carbon emissions and this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.   ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase energy use however other Local Plan policies 88 and 89 on decentralised and renewable energy and sustainable design and construction provide mitigation for a potential significant negative effect on carbon emissions and this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. See assessments of strategic location policies for potential effects of the spatial strategy in relation to this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. See assessments of strategic location policies for potential effects of the spatial strategy in relation to this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. See assessments of strategic location policies for potential effects of the spatial strategy in relation to this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. This policy has the potential to contribute to the efficient use of land however, it is other policies in the Local Plan that will achieve it. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Although this policy proposes further development within the borough, there are other policies within the Local Plan, such as Policy 81 Biodiversity and Geodiversity, which will mitigate and minimise potential negative effects on biodiversity and should help to improve resilience to climate change. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. The policy includes the redevelopment of Whipps Cross Hospital which is very close to Epping Forest SAC, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. The potential effects of the Local Plan against this SA Objective are addressed in the assessments of other Local Plan policies such as the strategic location policies, Policy 5 Encouraging Mixed Use Development and Intensification and design policies.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The scale of development proposed by this policy could put pressure on the borough's historic assets. However other policies within the Local Plan such as policies 72 to 78 on designated heritage assets, archaeology, locally listed buildings etc will mitigate and minimise potential negative effects of development. A neutral effect is therefore predicted here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","This policy will support further infrastructure development around the borough, to support future growth. It is unclear where this will be located but other spatial and transport policies in the Local Plan and the Site Allocations Document support development in and near to the borough's town centres. Therefore a minor positive effect is identified here as it is assumed infrastrucure development will support town centres. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","Employment space is promoted and encouraged throughout the borough within this Local Plan policy. Specific areas of the borough have been given different targets for jobs generation in line with the volume of new housing proposed. This policy has the potential to result in a positive effect with regards to this SA objective however more specific details would need to be provided within the policy addressing the key sustainability issues for a significant positive effect to be recorded here. \n\nWhilst this policy may not directly lead to an increase in employment space, it could help to ensure that the appropriate infrastructure is in place for employment space to be developed. Measures such as improved sustainable transport links could also help residents and businesses to travel to employment space, aiding to improve the local economy. Therefore, an indirect minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","Whilst this policy may not directly lead to an increase in employment, it could help to ensure that the appropriate infrastructure is in place for employment space to be developed. Measures such as improved sustainable transport links could also help residents and businesses to travel to employment space, aiding to improve the local economy. Therefore, an indirect minor positive effect has been recorded.  ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites.  To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[]
[null,"N/A"]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA1: A total of 27, 000 homes will be delivered through the implementation of this local plan policy. These will be located in strategic areas, to ensure housing growth occurs in appropriate locations which are in good proximity to employment. Other policies within the Local Plan address housing types and affordability. \nSA12: A significant positive effect may result from the implementation of this policy, due to the intensification of development on brownfield sites, which should increase land use efficiency and could also protect soils from degradation. \nSA14: an uncertain effect is identified in relation to European sites. The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether the Local Plan will not result in adverse effects on European sites. This assessment will be updated once the findings of the HRA are available. \nSA17: Conservation of the historic built environment is stipulated explicitly within this policy, as well as the enhancement of cultural features through future investment. \nSA20: Employment space is protected by this policy, and new developments of this type are also encouraged. Differing numbers of jobs are set to be created within different areas of the borough, in accordance with the number of houses which could be developed there. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 4 Location of Growth","index":6,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Location of Growth"]
[null,"Assumptions:","In relation to SA5: Transport not included in the London Plan definition of social infrastructure. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","A total of 27, 000 homes will be delivered through the implementation of this Local Plan policy. These will be located in strategic areas, to ensure housing growth occurs in appropriate locations which are in good proximity to employment. Other policies within the Local Plan address housing types and affordability (such as policies 25 to 26 on affordable housing, housing tenure and housing size and mix).  A significant positive effect should therefore result from this policy. ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy aims to direct the development of social infrastructure into selected strategic locations, which may help to aid in increasing the health and wellbeing of residents and workers within Waltham Forest. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","This policy aims to direct the development of social infrastructure into selected town centres strategic locations, which may help to reduce inequalities between communities within Waltham Forest. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The focusing of development within strategic locations could help to ensure that new developments are located in areas with good links to public transport, thereby reducing the length of car journeys. However, the ability of current transport links to deal with an increase in users is not detailed within this policy. It is unclear if an increase in social infrastructure would include transport links. If not, a significant negative effect could result on this SA objective. However, other policies such as the Local Plan transport policies 63 to 71 relating to e.g. liveable neighbourhoods, walking and cycling, public transport, deliveries and freight, construction traffic, and managing vehicle traffic provide mitigation for a potential negative effect. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The Local Plan contains Policy 95 Waste Management which will help to minimise waste arisings and achieve this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted here.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase greenhouse gas emissions however Policy 87 A Zero Carbon borough provides mitigation for a potential significant negative effect on carbon emissions and this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.   ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase energy use however other Local Plan policies 88 and 89 on decentralised and renewable energy and sustainable design and construction provide mitigation for a potential significant negative effect on carbon emissions and this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. See assessments of strategic location policies for potential effects of the spatial strategy in relation to this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. See assessments of strategic location policies for potential effects of the spatial strategy in relation to this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. See assessments of strategic location policies for potential effects of the spatial strategy in relation to this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","Development will be intensified and encouraged on brownfield sites, except those which are valued or safeguarded for specific reasons. This will increase land use efficiency and may help to protect soil quality and geological recourses at greenfield sites. Hence a potential significant positive effect has been identified for this SA objective. ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Designated sites will be protected by the implementation of this policy option. Non-designated habitats and species which could be affected by development will be afforded protection by Local Plan policy 81 Biodiversity and Geodiversity. The latter policy also requires all development to maximise opportunities to create new or make improvements to existing natural environments, nature conservation areas, habitats or biodiversity features and link into the wider green infrastructure networkencourages a net improvement in biodiversity is delivered on development sites. A neutral effect is therefore identified for policy 4. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. HRA Screening has screened this policy out as it is a general policy. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","Designated areas of Green Belt and Metropolitan Open Land will be indirectly protected from future development by this policy. Hence, a minor indirect positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective.  ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. The potential effects of the Local Plan against this SA Objective are addressed in the assessments of other Local Plan policies such as the strategic location policies, Policy 7:Encouraging Mixed Use Development.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","Existing heritage assets within Waltham Forest will be protected from future development. Investment will also be directed towards the development of assets and the cultural heritage of the borough. Therefore, a potential significant positive effect has been identified for this SA objective. \n\nThe scale of development proposed by this policy could put pressure on the borough's historic assets. However other policies within the Local Plan such as policies 72 to 78 on designated heritage assets, archaeology, locally listed buildings etc will mitigate and minimise potential negative effects of development. A neutral effect is therefore predicted here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","This policy works towards increasing future developments within specified strategic locations in town centres of the borough. This will aid in the maintenance and enhancement of the borough town centres, hence a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","Employment space is promoted and encouraged throughout the borough within this Local Plan policy. Specific areas of the borough have been given different targets for jobs generation in line with the volume of new housing proposed. This policy has the potential to result in a positive effect with regards to this SA objective however more specific details would need to be provided within the policy addressing the key sustainability issues for a significant positive effect to be recorded here. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","Future employment numbers are detailed within this policy, which should generate new employment and maintain stable levels of employment within the borough. For this reason, a potential significant positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"SA14 and 15: The addition of 'enhanced' to these criteria may increase the number of developments which aim to improve local wildlife sites, thus making the identified minor positive effect a significant one. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA1: A total of 27, 000 homes will be delivered through the implementation of this local plan policy. These will be located in strategic areas, to ensure housing growth occurs in appropriate locations which are in good proximity to employment. Other policies within the Local Plan address housing types and affordability. \nSA12: A significant positive effect may result from the implementation of this policy, due to the intensification of development on brownfield sites, which should increase land use efficiency and could also protect soils from degradation. \nSA14: an uncertain effect is identified in relation to European sites. The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether the Local Plan will not result in adverse effects on European sites. This assessment will be updated once the findings of the HRA are available. \nSA17: Conservation of the historic built environment is stipulated explicitly within this policy, as well as the enhancement of cultural features through future investment. \nSA20: Employment space is protected by this policy, and new developments of this type are also encouraged. Differing numbers of jobs are set to be created within different areas of the borough, in accordance with the number of houses which could be developed there. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 5 Management of Growth","index":7,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Management of Growth"]
[null,"Assumptions:","In relation to SA5: Transport not included in the London Plan definition of social infrastructure. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","\n\nThe policy supports the achievement of this objective in principal as it promotes well managed growth, however the primary purpose is to ensure that new development considers strategic issues pertinent to the borough as a whole, rather than be specific to housing need.  It does not address key sustainability issues and is therefore considered to have a neutral effect.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy aims to direct the development of social infrastructure into selected town centres, which may help to aid in increasing the health and wellbeing of residents and workers within Waltham Forest. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","This policy aims to direct the development of social infrastructure into selected town centres, which may help to reduce inequalities between communities within Waltham Forest. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The focusing of development within town centres could help to ensure that new developments are located in areas with good links to public transport, thereby reducing the length of car journeys. However, the ability of current transport links to deal with an influx in users is not detailed within this policy. It is unclear if an increase in social infrastructure would include transport links. If not, a significant negative effect could result on this SA objective. However, other policies such as the Local Plan strategic location policies and the transport policies 63 to 71 relating to e.g. liveable neighbourhoods, walking and cycling, public transport, deliveries and freight, construction traffic, and managing vehicle traffic provide mitigation for a potential negative effect. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The Local Plan contains Policy 95 Waste Management which will help to minimise waste arisings and achieve this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted here.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase greenhouse gas emissions however Policy 87 A Zero Carbon borough provides mitigation for a potential significant negative effect on carbon emissions and this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.   ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The scale of growth proposed in this policy has the potential to increase energy use however other Local Plan policies 88 and 89 on decentralised and renewable energy and sustainable design and construction provide mitigation for a potential significant negative effect on carbon emissions and this SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is recorded here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. See assessments of strategic location policies for potential effects of the spatial strategy in relation to this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. See assessments of strategic location policies for potential effects of the spatial strategy in relation to this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. See assessments of strategic location policies for potential effects of the spatial strategy in relation to this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","Development will be intensified and encouraged on brownfield sites, except those which are valued or safeguarded for specific reasons. This will increase land use efficiency and may help to protect soil quality and geological recourses at greenfield sites. Hence a potential significant positive effect has been identified for this SA objective. ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Designated sites will be protected by the implementation of this policy option. Non-designated habitats and species which could be affected by development will be afforded protection by Local Plan policy 81 Biodiversity and Geodiversity. The latter policy also requires all development to maximise opportunities to create new or make improvements to existing natural environments, nature conservation areas, habitats or biodiversity features and link into the wider green infrastructure networkencourages a net improvement in biodiversity is delivered on development sites. A neutral effect is therefore identified for policy 5. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. HRA Screening has screened this policy out as it is a general policy. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","Designated areas of Green Belt and Metropolitan Open Land will be protected from future development by this policy. Hence, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective.  ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted. The potential effects of the Local Plan against this SA Objective are addressed in the assessments of other Local Plan policies such as the strategic location policies, Policy 7 Encouraging Mixed Use Development .  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","Existing heritage assets within Waltham Forest will be protected from future development. Investment will also be directed towards the development of assets and the cultural heritage of the borough. Therefore, a potential significant positive effect has been identified for this SA objective. ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","National/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","This policy works towards increasing future developments within specified town centres of the borough. This will aid in the maintenance and enhancement of the borough town centres, hence a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","Employment space is promoted and encouraged throughout the borough within this Local Plan policy. Specific areas of the borough have been given different targets for jobs generation in line with the volume of new housing proposed. This policy has the potential to result in a positive effect with regards to this SA objective however more specific details would need to be provided within the policy addressing the key sustainability issues for a significant positive effect to be recorded here. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","Future employment numbers are detailed within this policy, which should generate new employment and maintain stable levels of employment within the borough. For this reason, a potential significant positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA13: The inclusion of the term \"existing green space\" within criterium C may help to ensure that all green space is protected from development rather than solely space which is already protected. This may help to modify the potential significant negative effect identified into a minor positive effect. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"SA14 and 15: The addition of enhanced to these criteria may increase the number of developments which aim to improve local wildlife sites, thus making the identified minor positive effect a significant one. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA1: A total of 27, 000 homes will be delivered through the implementation of this local plan policy. These will be located in strategic areas, to ensure housing growth occurs in appropriate locations which are in good proximity to employment. Other policies within the Local Plan address housing types and affordability. \nSA12: A significant positive effect may result from the implementation of this policy, due to the intensification of development on brownfield sites, which should increase land use efficiency and could also protect soils from degradation. \nSA14: an uncertain effect is identified in relation to European sites. The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether the Local Plan will not result in adverse effects on European sites. This assessment will be updated once the findings of the HRA are available. \nSA17: Conservation of the historic built environment is stipulated explicitly within this policy, as well as the enhancement of cultural features through future investment. \nSA20: Employment space is protected by this policy, and new developments of this type are also encouraged. Differing numbers of jobs are set to be created within different areas of the borough, in accordance with the number of houses which could be developed there. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 6 Ensuring Good Growth ","index":8,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Ensuring Good Growth "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy promotes growth and lists policy requirements that development proposals will be expected to satisfy. Criteria C relates specifically to housing and the need to 'provide a broad range of housing choice by size and tenure including affordable housing and cater for people with special housing needs'. The policy therefore supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues and is considered to have a significant positive effect.\n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","Criteria J of the policy relates specifically to creating safe environments which incorporate appropriate design solutions and crime prevention measures that assist in reducing crime, the fear of crime and anti-social behaviour.  The policy supports the achievement of this objective and is considered to have potential for an indirect significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Criteria B of the policy requires development proposals to contribute to the improving and enabling healthier lifestyles. When implemented this will help improve the standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough.  It is therefore considered to have potential for an indirect significant positive effect.","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy supports development proposals that cater for people with special housing needs and ones that create successful neighbourhood communities which include, for example, adequate social and physical infrastructure.  This will contribute to improving community cohesion and reduce inequalities and is therefore considered to have potential for an minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","Criteria H of the policy requires development proposals to contribute to climate change, through mitigation and adaptation, the use of sustainable building materials and energy efficiency.  This will contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth and is therefore considered to have potential for a direct significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","Criteria H of the policy requires development proposals to contribute to climate change, through mitigation and adaptation, the use of sustainable building materials and energy efficiency.  This will contribute to conserving energy and is therefore considered to have potential for a direct significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","Criteria H of the policy requires development proposals to contribute to climate change, through mitigation and adaptation, the use of sustainable building materials and energy efficiency.  This should support flood resistance and will help improve resilience to climate change and is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","Criteria A of the policy requires development proposals to make efficient use of land through intensification and mixed use development which fully supports the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Criteria I of the policy requires development proposals to protect and enhance biodiversity and nature conservation. This could indirectly maintain or improve the natural environment, hence a potential minor positive effect has been identified. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. HRA Screening has screened this policy out as it is a general policy. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","Criteria I of the policy requires development proposals to protect and enhance existing green infrastructure including open space. This will contribute to protecting and enhancing open space areas.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a direct significant positive effect.   ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","Criteria K of the policy requires development proposals to protect heritage assets including Conservation Areas and Listed Buildings.  This will contribute to conserving and enhancing the historic built environment and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a direct significant positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy promotes good growth and lists policy requirements that development proposals will be expected to satisfy.  For example it encourages the efficient use of land through intensification and mixed use development and the provision of a wide range of local employment opportunities in different sectors of the economy.  This policy should contribute to supporting and promoting new investment in the borough's town centres and is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes good growth and lists policy requirements that development proposals will be expected to satisfy.  For example it encourages the efficient use of land through intensification and mixed use development and the provision of a wide range of local employment opportunities in different sectors of the economy.  This policy should contribute to improving the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places and is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","Criteria D of the policy requires development proposals to provide for a wide range of local employment opportunities that offer a choice of jobs in different sectors of the economy. This will contribute to maintaining stable levels of employment in the borough and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a direct significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA1: potential significant positive effect in relation to meeting local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings. Criteria C relates specifically to housing and the need to 'provide a range of housing choice by size and tenure including affordable housing and cater for people with special needs'. \nSA2: Criteria I of the policy relates specifically to creating safe environments which incorporate appropriate design solutions and crime prevention measures that assist in reducing crime, the fear of crime and anti-social behaviour and this has potential to result in a significant positive effect against this SA objective. \nSA3: Criteria B of the policy requires development proposals to contribute to the improving and enabling healthier lifestyles.  When implemented this will help improve the standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough.  It is therefore considered to have potential for an indirect significant positive effect.\nSA7: Criteria G of the policy requires development proposals to contribute to climate change, through mitigation and adaptation, the use of sustainable building materials and energy efficiency.  This will contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a direct significant positive effect.  \nSA8: Criteria G of the policy requires development proposals to contribute to climate change, through mitigation and adaptation, the use of sustainable building materials and energy efficiency.  This will contribute to conserving energy and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a direct significant positive effect.  \nSA12: Criteria A of the policy requires development proposals to make efficient use of land through intensification and mixed use development which fully supports the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.  \nSA15: Criteria H of the policy requires development proposals to protect and enhance existing green infrastructure including open space. This will contribute to protecting and enhancing open space areas.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a direct significant positive effect.  \nSA17: Criteria J of the policy requires development proposals to protect heritage assets including Conservation Areas and Listed Buildings.  This will contribute to conserving and enhancing the historic built environment and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a direct significant positive effect. \nSA20:Criteria D of the policy requires development proposals to provide for a wide range of local employment opportunities that offer a choice of jobs in different sectors of the economy. This will contribute to maintaining stable levels of employment in the borough and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a direct significant positive effect.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 7 Mixed Use Development","index":9,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Encouraging Mixed Use Development "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","In contributing towards the supply of homes and jobs the policy supports mixed use development and opportunities for intensification of development involving housing and employment uses at appropriate locations.  It will contribute to meeting local housing need and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy encourages the colocation of homes, jobs and facilities and should therefore reduce distances which need to be travelled and therefore should allow more walking and cycling accessibility within the borough. A minor positive effect on this SA objective is therefore identified. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","Mixed use developments allows for an efficient use of land.  The policy promotes this kind of development which supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. HRA Screening has screened this policy out as it is a general policy. Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy encourages mixed use development that is appropriate to the character of the area and which is appropriate to the function of the particular street/road frontage for example.  This will contribute to maintaining local distinctiveness and is therefore considered to have potential for a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy states that development proposals must be informed by an assessment of the site's location and character.  This could contribute to conserving and enhancing the historic environment and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","To accommodate growth, the policy supports mixed use development and intensification to provide more opportunities for development which in turn will help maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes opportunities for mixed development of housing and employment in appropriate locations which will contribute to the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy promotes opportunities for intensification of development involving employment uses which will contribute to maintaining stable levels of employment in the borough.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA12: A potential significant positive effect has been predicted for SA12 as the policy fully supports and encourages the efficient use of land to provide opportunities for mixed use development and intensification involving housing and employment uses.  \nSA16: The policy encourages mixed use development that is appropriate to the character of the area and which is appropriate to the function of the particular street/road frontage for example.  This will contribute to maintaining local distinctiveness and is therefore considered to have potential for a significant positive effect.\nSA17: The policy states that development proposals must be informed by an assessment of the site's immediate context and also consider the impact on existing heritage assets.  This will contribute to conserving and enhancing the historic environment and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.   \nSA19: The policy promotes opportunities for mixed development of housing and employment in appropriate locations which will contribute to the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.  \n"]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Character-Led Intensification"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","\nThis policy encourages intensification of housing and employment development in appropriate locations, which could help to ensure that a higher number of homes in the borough are delivered overall. Therefore, a potential indirect minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","Intensification involves the development of a property, site or area at a higher density than currently exists through development, redevelopment, infill and expansion or conversion of existing buildings. The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. The policy could contribute to a range of potential effects such as in relation to air quality and recreation pressure, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy encourages intensification of development that is appropriate to the character of the area and which is appropriate to the function of the particular street frontage for example. This will contribute to maintaining local distinctiveness and is therefore considered to have potential for a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy states that development proposals should consider the character of an area, intensifying development at a level appropriate to the character. This could indirectly protect some of the historic environment, although this is not explicitly stated within policy or supporting text. Therefore, a potential indirect minor positive effect has been recorded.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","To accommodate growth, the policy supports intensification of development to provide more opportunities for development which in turn will help maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes opportunities for intensified development of housing and employment in appropriate locations, which will contribute to the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy promotes opportunities for intensification of development involving employment uses which will contribute to maintaining stable levels of employment in the borough.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA12: A potential significant positive effect has been predicted for SA12 as the policy fully supports and encourages the efficient use of land to provide opportunities for mixed use development and intensification involving housing and employment uses.  \nSA16: The policy encourages mixed use development that is appropriate to the character of the area and which is appropriate to the function of the particular street/road frontage for example.  This will contribute to maintaining local distinctiveness and is therefore considered to have potential for a significant positive effect.\nSA17: The policy states that development proposals must be informed by an assessment of the site's immediate context and also consider the impact on existing heritage assets.  This will contribute to conserving and enhancing the historic environment and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.   \nSA19: The policy promotes opportunities for mixed development of housing and employment in appropriate locations which will contribute to the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.  \n"]

{"sheet":"Policy 9 South Waltham Forest","index":11,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","South Waltham Forest"]
[null,"Assumptions:","It is assumed that development which occurs within this area will focus on currently potentially available development sites which are all previously developed land. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","16,000 new homes will be built within the South of Waltham Forest as a result of this policy. It is assumed that a range of sizes and tenures of homes will be provided in line with Policy 14: Affordable Housing Tenure and Policy 15: Housing Size and Mix, in order to meet the needs of the borough.","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","This policy directly aims to ensure that crime and the fear of crime are reduced through design, specifically in the Lea Bridge and Bakers Arms areas, in accordance with Policy 60: Designing Out Crime. Therefore, a potential significant positive effect has been recorded, although it is noted that this is of local spatial extent due to the specificity of criterion J within the policy.  ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The assessments of the strategic location policies in the South Waltham Forest area have not identified any potential negative or uncertain effects with regards to this SA objective. In addition, Local Plan Policy 96 Infrastructure and Developer Contributions requires development proposals to \"test the quality and capacity of existing infrastructure, in partnership with the Council and other infrastructure and service delivery stakeholders as necessary, and make contributions to support the timely provision of improvements and/or additional capacity.\" The combination of the South Waltham Forest policy, the strategic location policies for this area and Policy 100 should ensure that necessary health care facilities are provided to meet the needs of new residents. The improvement of the built environment is likely to lead to an indirect improvement in the wellbeing of those living and working within the borough. For this reason, a minor indirect positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","This policy is predicted to result in a minor positive effect on the needs of local people, as development is encouraged in a coordinated manner, bringing ease of access and use to those living and working within the south of Waltham Forest. ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","Cycling and walking networks will be improved and new access to areas such as the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park encouraged by this policy. Therefore, a potential minor positive effect has been identified for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","Waste services will need to be reprovided from Estate Way and Bywaters in accordance with criterion H, which should ensure waste processing is maintained within the borough. A potneital minor positive effect is therefore identified as this contributes to addressing some of the key sustainability issues. ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","This policy seeks to ensure that new development and public realm improvements across the area contribute to the delivery of permeable, inclusive connectivity and accessible streets for all and encourages  improved cycling and pedestrian network across the South. The policy also seeks to provide additional community facilities and employment within this area. A minor positive effect is therefore predicted as these measures should help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transport. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","Criterion M of the policy encourages improved a cycling and pedestrian network across the South, and finding new linkages and connections for walking and cycling to Lee Valley Regional Park, Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, Epping Forest and Wanstead Flats and other destinations. These measures would help to increase use of sustainable modes of transport and reduce air pollution from transport which has the potential to result in a minor positive effect. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","Some parts of the southern area contain flood zones 2 and 3. As identified within policy  93 Managing Flood Risk, any potential development sites would need to pass the sequential test. Any sites at risk from flooding or which could increase risk of flooding elsewhere will need to be subject to an FRA and suitable mitigation put in place in order for those sites to be developed. Policy 93 therefore provides mitigation for a potential uncertain effect against this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","It is assumed that development which occurs within this area will focus on currently potentially available development sites which are all previously developed land. A neutral effect is identified. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","A neutral effect is identified. Policy 81 Biodiversity and Geodiversity requires all development should maximise opportunities to create new or make improvements to existing natural environments, nature conservation areas, habitats or biodiversity features and link into the wider green infrastructure network. The potential effects of specific sites allocations which will help to deliver the spatial policies within the Local Plan have been assessed within the separate SA of the Site Allocations Document.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. Criterion M of the policy seeks to find new linkages to the surrounding area, which could include Epping Forest. This may result in adverse effects on the Epping Forest SAC with regards to increasing recreational pressure, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","It is assumed that development which occurs within this area will focus on currently potentially available development sites which are all previously developed land. The exact location of allocation sites is being adressed in the Site Allocations Document. A neutral effect is identified here.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","This policy could lead to the coalescence of current settlements within Waltham Forest. Development is encouraged in all locations, without adequate consideration of the need to separate distinct areas of the borough. For this reason, a minor negative effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","This policy could help to conserve some heritage assets within South Waltham Forest, as the cultural assets of the area must be considered by new developments. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been identified. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","This policy focuses employment development in key areas where employment space is required through intensification and co-location of workspaces with other development types. This should support a diverse and robust economy. Therefore a potential significant positive effect has been identified for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","Space for employment within the Southern part of Waltham Forest is protected and encouraged by this policy, helping to ensure employment opportunities are maintained within the south of the borough. For this reason, a minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"SA16: in order to maintain and improve distinctiveness within the borough and to avoid coalescence of distinct settlements within the borough, the policy could require adequate consideration of the need to maintain the character of separate distinct parts of the borough."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA19: Employment space development has been planned for strategic areas, which have good access to other services. This should help to support the local economy. \nSA14: Criterion I of the policy seeks to find new linkages to Epping Forest which cause result in adverse effects on the Epping Forest SAC with regards to increasing recreational pressure. A potential significant negative effect is therefore identified. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 10 Central WalthamForest","index":12,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Central Waltham Forest"]
[null,"Assumptions:","It is assumed that development which occurs within this area will focus on currently potentially available development sites which are all previously developed land. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","This policy aims to increase the number of homes by 7,600 over the plan period. It is assumed that a range of sizes and tenures of homes will be provided in line with Policy 14: Affordable Housing Tenure and Policy 15: Housing Size and Mix, in order to meet the needs of the borough. ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","Policy 56: Delivering high quality design, could help to decrease crime and the fear of crime through the design of new buildings and streets within the Central area. Hence, a minor indirect positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Recreational space, such as Lloyd Park, may have enhanced access resulting from the implementation of this policy. This could help to improve wellbeing and health within the borough, as more will be able to access key areas. No new sports centres or public space will be created by this specific policy. However, the assessments of the strategic location policies in the Central Waltham Forest area have not identified any potential negative or uncertain effects with regards to this SA objective. In addition,\nLocal Plan Policy Infrastructure and Developer Contributions requires development proposals to \"test the quality and capacity of existing infrastructure, in partnership with the Council and other infrastructure and service delivery stakeholders as necessary, and make contributions to support the timely provision of improvements and/or additional capacity.\" The combination of the Central Waltham Forest policy, the strategic location policies for this area and Policy 96 should ensure that necessary health care facilities are provided to meet the needs of new residents. ","Indirect","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","This policy is predicted to result in a minor positive effect on the needs of local people, as development is encouraged in a coordinated manner, bringing ease of access and use to those living and working within Waltham Forest.  ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","Walthamstow Central will be promoted as a significant transport hub in the area, which may help to reduce all journey lengths, especially those by private car, due to the converging of many transport modes at this location.  The policy also seeks to improve facilities and employment access within the central area. For this reason, a significant positive effect may result from the implementation of this policy. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","Greenhouse gas emissions within and around central Waltham Forest may indirectly be decreased, due to improvements to public transport networks, thus decreasing the use of private vehicles. Moreover, the intensification of development and mixing of development types should help to ensure that residents do not need to travel far to meet their needs and that essential facilities, services and employment are accessible by walking, cycling, or public transport. Therefore, an indirect minor positive effect has been identified for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","Air quality may indirectly be improved with the implementation of this policy due to an increase in public transport use that this policy should achieve. This should decrease the use of private vehicles for journeys within and to the borough, thus improving air quality. Hence, an indirect minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","Some parts of the central area contain flood zones 2 and 3. As identified within policy  93 Managing Flood Risk, any potential development sites would need to pass the sequential test. Any sites at risk from flooding or which could increase risk of flooding elsewhere will need to be subject to an FRA and suitable mitigation put in place in order for those sites to be developed. Policy 93 therefore provides mitigation for a potential uncertain effect against this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","It is assumed that development which occurs within this area will focus on currently potentially available development sites which are all previously developed land. A neutral effect is identified.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","A neutral effect is identified. Policy 81 Biodiversity and Geodiversity requires all development should maximise opportunities to create new or make improvements to existing natural environments, nature conservation areas, habitats or biodiversity features and link into the wider green infrastructure network. The potential effects of specific sites allocations which will help to deliver the spatial policies within the Local Plan have been assessed within the separate SA of the Site Allocations Document.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","Walthamstow Wetlands and Epping Forest may have increased access from extended cycle networks resulting from the implementation of this policy. This may increase awareness and appreciation of these areas some of which are designated as European sites. However, it is unclear how this new access will be managed. An increase in visitors could lead to trampling, litter and destruction of key habitats. The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites but has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","It is assumed that development which occurs within this area will focus on currently potentially available development sites which are all previously developed land. A neutral effect is identified and this is considered in more detail in the strategic location policies for the Central Waltham Forest area. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","Local distinctiveness may be improved through the central part of Waltham Forest as a result of this policy, as new proposals will have to consider the setting of development, including the cultural, heritage and environmental character of the site. Therefore, a minor positive impact has been identified for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","This policy may help in conserving the built environment, as new proposals must consider the historic setting of Waltham Forest. For this reason, a minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","National/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The vitality of the central zone of Waltham Forest should be improved through the implementation of this policy, especially in Walthamstow Town Centre and in the Blackhorse Lane area. Further developments which may contribute to the night time economy will be encouraged by this policy, hence a potential significant positive effect has been identified for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The local economy should benefit from an increase in employment space at Waltham Forest Town Hall Campus.  Hence, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","Employment levels could be improved by an increase in employment space at Waltham Forest Town Hall Campus and Blackhorse Lane. As this area is within walking distance of good transport links, it is expected that this could provide employment for those living in and surrounding the central area of Waltham Forest. Jobs may also be created through the development of an evening economy, an aspect this policy encourages. For these reasons, a potential significant positive impact has been identified for this SA objective. ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA5: Sustainable transport linkages are likely to improve due to this policy, thus journey lengths will be decreased and facilities may become more accessible for future uses. Hence, a significant positive effect was identified. \nSA13, 14 and 15: Protection of the local environment is not considered within this local plant policy, leading to a significant negative effect being reported. However, policies 82, 83 and 84 should ensure that adverse effects on the environment are considered and mitigated prior to development. \nSA18: The vitality and viability of local town centre areas are predicted to benefit significantly from this policy, development is focused and supported in key areas. \nSA20: A significant positive effect was predicted to occur on this policy due to the improvement of employment space at Blackhorse Lane and Waltham Forest Town Hall Campus and the evening economy throughout the area. \n\n"]

{"sheet":"Policy 11 North Waltham Forest","index":13,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","North Waltham Forest"]
[null,"Assumptions:","It is assumed that development which occurs within this area will focus on currently potentially available development sites which are all previously developed land. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","This policy will deliver 3,400 new homes to North Waltham Forest. It is assumed that a range of sizes and tenures of homes will be provided in line with Policy 14: Affordable Housing Tenure and Policy 15: Housing Size and Mix, in order to meet the needs of the borough. ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","Policy 56: Delivering high quality design, could help to decrease crime and the fear of crime through the design of new buildings and streets within the North Waltham Forest area. For this reason, an indirect minor positive effect is recorded. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The assessments of the strategic location policies in the North Waltham Forest area have not identified any potential negative or uncertain effects with regards to this SA objective. In addition, Local Plan Policy Infrastructure and Developer Contributions requires development proposals to \"test the quality and capacity of existing infrastructure, in partnership with the Council and other infrastructure and service delivery stakeholders as necessary, and make contributions to support the timely provision of improvements and/or additional capacity.\" The combination of the North Waltham Forest policy, the strategic location policies for this area and Policy 96 should ensure that necessary health care facilities are provided to meet the needs of new residents. The improvement of the built environment is likely to lead to an indirect improvement in the wellbeing of those living and working within the borough. For this reason, a minor indirect positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","This policy is predicted to result in a minor positive effect on the needs of local people, as development is encouraged in a coordinated manner, bringing ease of access and use to those living and working within Waltham Forest.  ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The North Waltham Forest policy aims to improve walking and cycling access and improve the facilities, services and employment opportunities available within this part of the borough. This could help to ensure residents and workers are able to move in and around the borough via sustainable transport modes, hence a minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","Greenhouse gas emissions may indirectly be reduced by the improvement of local walking and cycle networks within North Waltham Forest, as journeys requiring fossil fuels are likely to decrease. Hence, an indirect minor positive impact has been recorded. ","Indirect","Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","Air quality may indirectly be improvement by the extension of local walking and cycle networks within North Waltham Forest, as journeys requiring fossil fuels are likely to decrease. Hence, an indirect minor positive impact has been recorded. ","Indirect","Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","Currently potentially available development sites within the North Circular Corridor could be within flood zone 3. FRA will be required to determine suitability for development and development sites would need to pass the sequential test, in accordance with Policy 93: Managing Flood Risk. Policy 93: Managing Flood Risk also encourages developments to be resilient to climate change. An uncertain effect remains as FRA is required to demonstrate that 800 new homes can be delivered within this strategic location without increasing flood risk. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","It is assumed that development which occurs within this area will focus on currently potentially available development sites which are all previously developed land. A neutral effect is identified . ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","A neutral effect is identified. Policy 81 Biodiversity and Geodiversity requires all development should maximise opportunities to create new or make improvements to existing natural environments, nature conservation areas, habitats or biodiversity features and link into the wider green infrastructure network. The potential effects of specific sites allocations which will help to deliver the spatial policies within the Local Plan have been assessed within the separate SA of the Site Allocations Document.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The strategic locations within this part of the borough are within relatively close proximity to Epping Forest SAC. The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites but has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","Green Belt and Metropolitan Open Land is directly protected by this policy, and although access is suggested for improvement, it is stipulated that this should only occur where appropriate. For this reason, a potential significant positive impact has been identified. ","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","Development is encouraged to occur around three district centres (Higham's Park, North Chingford and Chingford Mount) as a result of this policy. The focusing of development to these areas is likely to increase the vitality and viability of these areas. Hence a significant positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","Employment land will be both retained and intensified through the implementation of this policy. This is likely to improve the local economy and encourage employment developments in appropriate locations, hence a potential significant positive impact has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","Employment within North Waltham Forest and surrounding areas should be increased by the implementation of this policy. Employment space will be intensified and created through this policy, and new job creation is a key focus of criterium C of this policy. Therefore, a potential significant positive effect has been identified for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA11: FRA is required to demonstrate that 800 homes can be delivered within the North Circular Corridor strategic location without increasing flood risk. \nSA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None"]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA12: Land use efficiency may be increased through the implementation of this policy, as development will be intensified. Hence, a significant positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. \nSA15: Green Belt and Metropolitan Open Land will be protected by this policy, therefore a potential significant positive effect has been recorded. \nSA19 and 20: Employment space and job availability are both promoted by this policy. For this reason, a potential significant positive impact has been identified. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Increasing Housing Supply"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","\nThe policy relates specifically to increasing housing supply  by delivering a minimum of 27,000 homes by 2035 and sets out criteria of how new homes will be delivered.  It makes clear how new homes should not only be of good quality but should be genuinely affordable and meet the needs of Waltham Forest's existing and future population.  It therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues and will result in a significant positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy advocates the provision of homes to meet identified needs for a variety of different types of homes.  This includes under Criteria G of the policy supporting the regeneration and renewal of appropriate housing estates.  These exemplify how the policy supports the achievement of this objective and the development of successful neighbourhoods.  It is therefore likely to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy seeks to increase housing delivery in the borough to a minimum of 27,000 homes by 2035.  This high number of homes may increase flood risk depending on where development is located which is not specified within this policy. For this reason, an uncertain effect has been identified. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues which can be seen clearly in Criteria D of the policy which states that new homes will be delivered by maximizing opportunities to increase the supply of additional homes on all suitable, appropriate and available sites including brownfield land, surplus public sector land and encouraging residential intensification.  Criteria H of the policy also supports the development of small sites for new homes.  It is therefore considered that the policy has a significant positive effect on this SA objective.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The level of development promoted by this policy could put development pressure on biodiversity and the natural environment within the borough. The loss of either could be permanent and irreversible. However, potential significant negative effects should be mitigated by the policies contained within the Local Plan theme 'Protecting and Enhancing the Environment', such as Policy 81: Biodiversity and Geodiversity. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","This policy advocates intensification of development and could result in increased recreational pressure, air pollution, urbanisation, spread of invasive species and diseases. The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites but has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The level of development promoted by this policy could put development pressure on open space and the natural environment within the borough. The loss of either could be permanent and irreversible. However, potential significant negative effects should be mitigated by the policies contained within the Local Plan theme 'Protecting and Enhancing the Environment', such as Policy 81: Biodiversity and Geodiversity. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  Any potential impacts of housing development on the historic environment will be managed through other Local Plan policies i.e. Heritage Policies Policy 72-78 and Policy 56: Delivering High Quality Design.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy relates specifically to increasing housing supply and promotes the delivery of new homes next to transport hubs and on all suitable, appropriate and available sites including small sites, developing brownfield land and surplus public sector land.  This contributes to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres and promoting residential investment in town centres.  It is therefore considered that the policy will have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy relates specifically to increasing housing supply and promotes the delivery of new homes. However, this could increase pressure on the borough to provide employment. No mention of access to employment is mentioned within this policy. However, any potential negative effect should be mitigated by Local Plan Theme: Building a Resilient and Creative Economy. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA11: FRA is required to demonstrate that 27,000 homes can be delivered by 2035 within the plan area without increasing flood risk. \nSA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"The policy could be enhanced to achieve a positive effect for SA11 if it states how housing development should be prioritised in areas where there is a low flood risk unless the development meets the criteria for developing in a high risk flood zone as set out in Policy 94 Managing Flood Risk. This should mitigate the identified uncertain effect. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA1 , SA12 and SA18 which collectively promote the delivery of new homes by the efficient use of land and buildings which will have a positive effect on the vitality and viability of the town centres in the borough.  "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Delivering genuinely affordable housing "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy promotes the delivery of affordable housing across the borough and sets out a number of criteria of how this will be achieved.  It therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and will help address the shortfall in the provision of affordable housing that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","This policy supports the achievement of this objective as it could help contribute to successful neighbourhoods by ensuring a diverse mix of people can afford to live in the borough.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  No potential impact pathway is identified and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy promotes development of affordable housing on industrial land as well as publicly owned and privately developed sites which supports the SA objective in terms of ensuring the efficient use of land and buildings.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy relates specifically to the delivery of genuinely affordable housing across the borough and therefore promotes residential investment. This will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres and support the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"The policy could be enhanced by promoting the redevelopment of existing housing to be more energy efficient, low carbon and more sustainable to help conserve energy and achieve SA8.  "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for objectives SA1 and SA18 because they relate to the delivery of new housing and promote residential investment in town centres which link directly to the aims of the policy.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 14 Aff. Housing Tenure","index":16,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Affordable Housing Tenure "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","Delivery of low cost housing is a priority across the borough.  To support this the policy requires housing schemes of 10 or more units to provide the following affordable housing tenure split:\n- low cost affordable rent: 70%\n- intermediate housing products: 30%.\nIt therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and will help address the shortfall in the provision of affordable housing that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","This policy supports the achievement of this objective as it could help contribute to successful neighbourhoods by ensuring a diverse mix of people can afford to live in the borough.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy relates specifically to the delivery of affordable housing tenure on schemes of 10 or more units across the borough and therefore promotes residential investment. This will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres and support the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Two potential positive significant effects are predicted for SA1 (meeting local housing needs) and SA18 (enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough) as the policy affordable housing tenure in schemes over 10 units.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 15 Housing Size & Mix","index":17,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Housing Size and Mix "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues as it promotes a diverse range of housing size and mix. The priorities for dwelling size and tenures are based on the Strategic Housing Market Assessment and the borough's housing waiting list.  It is therefore considered to have a significant  positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective by ensuring that a range of dwellings sizes is delivered, including 40-50% being 3+ beds.  The policy also supports the improvement of health and wellbeing of residents ensuring that new family homes as well as smaller households are catered for in new developments.  It is therefore considered to have the potential for a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective by providing a mixture of dwelling sizes and the policy addresses some of the relevant key sustainability issues e.g.  recreating high quality places to live that are mixed and well balanced and creating successful neighbourhoods.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None.  "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None.  "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 16 AccessAdpatabl Hsing ","index":18,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Accessible and Adaptable Housing "]
[null,"Assumptions:","It has been assumed that this policy relates to all types of dwellings, including apartments. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy promotes the provision of accessible housing and encourages functional, adaptable and accessible spaces designs in all housing developments. It is therefore considered to support the achievement of this objective and to have a minor positive effect. It has been assumed that the policy relates to all types of new dwellings including apartments.","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy promotes the provision of accessible housing which can allow residents of the borough to live dignified and independent lives.  Providing accessible housing allows for adaptation and for older residents the choice of remaining in their home.  This policy therefore supports the achievement of this objective and addresses some key sustainability issues and is likely to have a minor positive effect. ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy supports development proposals for accessible housing schemes. This will contribute to maintaining stable levels of local employment in the housing industry and is therefore considered likely to have a minor positive effect.","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 17 Redev Hsing & Est Reg","index":19,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Redevelopment of existing housing and estate regeneration"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it promotes the delivery of housing through the efficient use of existing land.  It recognises how important the redevelopment of existing housing end estate regeneration can provide a range of tenures and genuinely affordable homes which is one of the key sustainability issues for this objective.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it promotes the delivery of housing through the redevelopment of existing housing and estate regeneration using  existing land and buildings.  For example, Criteria B requires the loss of any existing housing to lead to a net increase in new homes.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. The policy could contribute to a range of potential effects such as in relation to air quality and recreational pressure, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.  ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"The policy could be enhanced by promoting the redevelopment of existing housing to be more energy efficient, low carbon and more sustainable to help conserve energy and achieve SA8.  "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for objectives SA1 and SA12 as the policy promotes efficient use of existing land for housing."]

{"sheet":"Policy 18 Other forms of Hsing","index":20,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Other forms of Housing "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports development schemes for alternative models of housing such as Build to Rent, Purpose Built Student Housing and Purpose Built Shared Living Housing which will contribute to the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues.  It reinforces how different types of housing play an important role in the borough.  For example, Build to Rent can be delivered faster as it has a different economic model than build for sale homes.  The policy is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","Although not specific to the provision of community facilities, the policy supports the provision of other forms of housing that are well connected to local services which:\n- contribute towards a mixed, balanced and inclusive neighbourhoods and communities;\n- are located in areas of good transport accessibility; and \n- provide affordable housing contributions.  \nThese address key sustainability issues related to this objective as well as supporting the development of successful neighbourhoods.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect as it will contribute to improving community cohesion and reducing inequalities through housing provision rather than community facilities which this objective relates to.","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","Criteria C of the policy supports other forms of housing which are located in areas of good transport accessibility and well connected to local services.  Furthermore, Criteria E of the policy promotes accessibility. If such a scheme meets this policy and is delivered then it exemplifies how the policy supports the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","An uncertain effect is predicted as this could result in greenfield land being developed if there is any available in the borough such as parks or amenity space which is not protected from development.  Mitigation is suggested below .  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA12: To enhance the sustainability performance of the policy, the policy wording could make it clear that the development of brownfield land is favoured over greenfield land.  "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect is predicted for objective SA1 because it relates to the delivery of new housing which links directly to the aims of the policy.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 19 Small Sites ","index":21,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Small Sites "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy promotes new housing development of small sites (defined as those below 0.25ha) and encourages innovative approaches to housing delivery.  This can be achieved through incremental intensification of existing residential areas and town centres where appropriate.  It therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues and is predicted to result in a significant positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy supports residential intensification within 800 metres of a town centre and where there is adequate public transport accessibility.  This will provide opportunities for residents to walk to work and to local community facilities and services which will contribute to the physical and mental health of the new residents.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy promotes the development of small sites for new homes including infill development for new homes and infilling existing housing estates.  This will help create high quality places to live that are well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.  These exemplify how the policy supports the achievement of this objective and the development of successful neighbourhoods.  It is therefore likely to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy supports residential intensification within 800 metres of a town centre and where there is adequate public transport accessibility.  This will improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment and therefore is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it could have an indirect minor positive effect by helping to increase use of sustainable transport modes and reduce air quality emissions from transport.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it could have an indirect minor positive effect by helping to increase use of sustainable transport modes and reduce air quality emissions from transport.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","An uncertain effect is predicted as the policy does not specify that infill development should be on brownfield sites rather than small greenfield sites.  This could lead to the irreversible development of some smaller greenfield sites. Mitigation is suggested below to help enhance this policy.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Development promoted by this policy could put development pressure on biodiversity and the natural environment within the borough. The loss of either could be permanent and irreversible. However, potential significant negative effects should be mitigated by the policies contained within the Local Plan theme 'Protecting and Enhancing the Environment', such as Policy 86: Biodiversity and Geodiversity. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. The policy could contribute to a range of potential effects such as recreational pressure and urban effects, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","An uncertain effect is predicted as the policy does not specifically mention if greenbelt and open space areas could be developed as a result of the implementation of this policy.  Mitigation is suggested below to help enhance this policy. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy relates specifically to promoting residential investment on small sites in  existing residential areas and town centres.  This will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres and support the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA12 and SA15: To enhance this policy in relation to SA12 it is recommended that the policy specifies that infill development applies to brownfield land rather than greenfield land. Similarly, the policy should make reference to greenbelt land and open spaces to support SA15, thus mitigating any potential negative effects. Policies 84: Green Infrastructure and the Natural Environment, Policy 85: Open Spaces, Sport and Recreation and policy 86: Biodiversity and Geodiversity should also help to prevent the development of key greenfield sites. \nSA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA1 , SA12 and SA18 which collectively promote the development of small sites for new homes by the efficient use of land and buildings which will have a positive effect on the vitality and viability of the town centres in the borough.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 20 Hsing in Multi Occ","index":22,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Housing in Multiple Occupation (HMOs) and Conversions "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it supports proposals for new Housing in Multiple Occupation (HMOs) and conversions.  It recognises how HMOs can form an important part of the housing stock if of high quality design, providing good quality living standards and adequate space for people to live in.  Similarly, it recognises how conversions of a larger home, for example to smaller self contained homes, can offer greater flexibility in size of dwellings.  It addresses some key sustainability e.g. offers greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent, and is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.   \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective because it requires a development to be of a high quality design, provide good quality living standards and appropriate outdoor and amenity space.  Minimum room sizes are also specified within the policy, which should help to improve the standard of living resulting from HMOs. It is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","Although not specific to the provision of community facilities, the policy supports proposals for new HMOs which are well served by local shops and facilities and provide rooms and communal spaces of a high quality and of adequate size.  It supports the achievement of this objective and links to some relevant key sustainability issues and  is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  \n\n","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy specifies that new HMO's will be supported if they are accessible by public transport. Similarly, conversions of homes that have a gross original internal floorspace of more than 124 sqm will only be permitted if it is car free, adequate cycle parking is provided and it is close to public transport.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","Criteria B and C of the policy state that proposals for new HMOs and conversions with a gross original internal floorspace of more than 124 sqm will only be supported if the development provides good refuse and storage facilities.  This contributes to the achievement of this objective and is likely to increase recycling if appropriate refuse arrangements are provided.  It is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  \n ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  No potential impact pathway is identified and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Downsizing "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective and some key sustainability issues in that it promotes and encourages development proposals for self contained older persons accommodation which also helps release existing family houses back onto the market.  The policy encourages self contained older persons accommodation on all developments over 100 units in suitable locations.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","People living in the borough are due to live for longer over the next 15 years. The existing housing stock is not always suitable for older people's needs, it can be too big or require significant adaptation.  The policy recognises that by providing a suitable downsizing alternative in suitable location provides a number of benefits for older people but also releases existing family housing back onto the market.  It encourages the development of self contained older people's accommodation which will contribute to improving the standard of health and wellbeing of those who live in the borough by providing more suitable accommodation to meet the needs of the elderly.  It is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect is predicted for SA1 as the policy promotes and encourages downsizing to accommodate older people's housing needs and which also releases existing family housing stock back into the market.  This could have a significant role in meeting the borough's housing need for older people."]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Supported and Specialist Accommodation "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues in that it promotes and encourages housing schemes for supported and specialist accommodation which includes specialist older people's housing.  In addition, Criteria B of the policy also supports these schemes if they meet the local and strategic housing needs.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy promotes schemes for specialist older person housing particularly those which are well connected to facilities, social infrastructure and health care which supports the achievement of this objective.  It addresses some key sustainability issues and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy promotes schemes for specialist older person housing particularly those which are well connected to facilities, social infrastructure and health care which supports the achievement of this objective.  It will help address key sustainability issues such as the need to reduce the number of old people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy specifies that supported and specialist accommodation will be encouraged where developments are accessible by public transport.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect is predicted for SA1 as the policy promotes specialist older person housing which could have a significant role in meeting the borough's housing need."]

{"sheet":"Policy 23 Gypsies & Travellers","index":25,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Gypsies and Travellers"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy states how the borough's Gypsies and Travellers needs will be met through the provision of two sites.  It does not relate specifically to housing provision but to site provision instead and is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect as it will meet the identified need through provision of additional pitches at two existing sites within the borough.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. The policy supports the provision of extra pitches at two existing sites at Folly Lane and Hale Brinks North.  The latter is identified in the Council's Draft Gypsy Traveller Accommodation Assessment (January 2019)  as having ample space to accommodate additional pitches.  These sites are existing sites in sustainable locations with access to public transport and local services therefore no potential impact pathway is identified and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective. The provision of additional sites will be located within land on existing gypsy and traveller sites identified in the policy particularly the Hale Brinks North site.  No potential impact pathway is identified and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. The policy could potentially contribute to recreational pressure and air pollution, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 24 CommSelf Build Hsing","index":26,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Community-Led Housing, Self Build and Custom Build Housing "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it promotes schemes for community led housing, self build and custom build housing projects.  These can all play an important role in providing new homes for residents as well as supporting more flexible approaches to the provision of housing.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy supports schemes for community led housing which contributes to the achievement of this objective and to key sustainability issues.  Homes that are delivered by the community are desirable in the borough and this policy will help support development of these.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective.  For example, Criteria D of the policy encourages proposals on small sites for housing, infill development in estate regeneration and as part of larger developments.  Criteria E of the policy also seeks the provision of serviced plots of land for self build and custom build housing as part of a larger development which promotes efficient use of land.  It is therefore considered to have the potential for a minor positive effect on this SA objective.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect is predicted for SA1 as the policy supports community housing schemes which can play an important role in providing new homes for residents."]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Supporting and Boosting Economic Growth and Local Job Creation"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports economic growth and jobs through three main employment typologies which are appropriate in scale, type and design to accommodate the borough's needs in terms of projected employment floorspace.  The New London Mix typology promotes high density office space ranging from small studio space to large offices. This high density of development ensures the efficient use of land and buildings in terms of what can be provided in one location.  It is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. This policy could potentially contribute to air pollution, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded in relation to air pollution. An air quality assessment is currently underway. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports and promotes employment growth and Criteria A of the policy sets out the provision of a range of employment floorspace typologies to broaden the economic base and maximise additional employment floorspace.  This will contribute to maintaining the enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres and is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy encourages the provision of a range of employment floorspace typologies including distribution uses, industrious space and new London mix. These typologies have been identified from the Waltham Forest Employment Land Review as being appropriate to meet the borough's projected needs in terms of employment floorspace. The policy therefore fully supports the achievement of the objective and will contribute positively to key sustainability issues.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy supports and promotes the provision of a minimum of 52,000 sqm of additional employment floorspace to help provide opportunities for employment growth in the borough.  It is therefore predicted to fully support the achievement of this objective and to address key sustainability issues relating to employment.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18, SA19 and SA20 which all relate to improving the local economy through the provision of employment opportunities and promoting employment development which this policy fully supports.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 26 Safeguarding SIL","index":28,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Safeguarding and Managing Strategic Industrial Locations "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The implementation of this policy, in combination with Policies 27: Safeguarding and Managing LSIS and Policy 28: Safeguarding and Managing BEAs could lead to an increase in the number of waste sites, as the policies encourage the development of waste sites within criterion A. This helps to address several of the key sustainability issues and therefore a minor positive effect is identified.","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral","Altered to neutral, as no longer promoting density increase",null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. This policy could potentially contribute to air pollution, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded in relation to air pollution. An air quality assessment is currently underway. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy supports development in Strategic Industrial Locations and borough Employment Areas that is of specific industrial uses, which incorporates high-quality design and encourages improvements to the poor quality and outdated buildings and infrastructure.  If implemented this will contribute to improving local distinctiveness by creating more attractive places to work.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy safeguards Strategic Industrial Locations (SIL) to accommodate potential job growth which will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres.  It will support and promote SILs and is predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy safeguards employment land and promotes development on designated employment areas including Strategic Industrial Locations.  This will help unlock opportunities to deliver additional floorspace capacity which will contribute towards the achievement of this objective. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy protects and safeguards employment land and encourages the delivery of additional employment floorspace which will provide local employment opportunities.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18, SA19 and SA20 as the policy safeguards employment land as well as promotes delivery of additional employment floorspace which combined will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough and to provide employment space and with it employment opportunities.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 27 Safeguarding LSIS","index":29,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Safeguarding and Managing Locally Significant Industrial Sites (LSIS) "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The implementation of this policy, in combination with Policies 26: Safeguarding and Managing SIL and Policy 28: Safeguarding and Managing BEAs could lead to an increase in the number of waste sites, as the policies encourage the development of waste sites within criterion A. This helps to address several of the key sustainability issues and therefore a minor positive effect is identified.","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. This policy could potentially contribute to air pollution, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded in relation to air pollution. An air quality assessment is currently underway. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy supports development in Locally Significant Industrial Sites (LSIS) and Borough Employment Areas that is of high-quality design and encourages improvements to the poor quality and outdated buildings and infrastructure.  If implemented this will contribute to improving maintaining local distinctiveness by creating more attractive places to work maintaining and managing important business space and infrastructure.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy safeguards employment land LSIS to accommodate potential job growth which will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres.  It will support and promote LSIS and Borough Employment Areas and is predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy safeguards LSIS employment land and promotes appropriate development. on designated employment areas including Strategic Industrial Locations and borough Employment Areas.  This will help unlock opportunities to deliver additional floorspace capacity which will contribute towards the achievement of this objective. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy protects and safeguards LSIS and encourages the delivery of extra additional employment floorspace which will provide local employment opportunities.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18, SA19 and SA20 as the policy safeguards employment land as well as promotes delivery of additional employment floorspace which combined will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough and to provide employment space and with it employment opportunities.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 28 Safeguarding BEA","index":30,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Safeguarding and Managing Borough Employment Areas "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The implementation of this policy, in combination with Policies 26: Safeguarding and Managing SIL and Policy 27: Safeguarding and Managing LSIS could lead to an increase in the number of waste sites, as the policies encourage the development of waste sites within criterion A. This helps to address several of the key sustainability issues and therefore a minor positive effect is identified.","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. This policy could potentially contribute to air pollution, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded in relation to air pollution. An air quality assessment is currently underway. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy supports development in BEAs that is of high-quality design and encourages improvements to the poor quality and outdated buildings and infrastructure.  If implemented this will contribute to improving local distinctiveness by creating more attractive places to work.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy safeguards employment land to accommodate potential job growth which will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres.  It will support and promote Borough Employment Areas and is predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy safeguards employment land and promotes development on designated employment areas including Borough Employment Areas. This will help unlock opportunities to deliver additional floorspace capacity which will contribute towards the achievement of this objective. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy protects and safeguards employment land and encourages the delivery of additional employment floorspace which will provide local employment opportunities.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18, SA19 and SA20 as the policy safeguards employment land as well as promotes delivery of additional employment floorspace which combined will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough and to provide employment space and with it employment opportunities.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 29 Appro to Non-Desig EL","index":31,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Approach to Non-Designated Employment Land "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy permits the loss of employment floorspace on non-designated employment land if the development provides opportunities for co-location or mixed-use with other non-employment uses which can include residential use.  If housing is delivered on one of these sites then the policy will contribute to the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","\nThe policy supports non-designated employment areas that deliver co-location of employment space with other uses including C3, A class uses and social and community infrastructure.  If social and community infrastructure are delivered on one of these sites then the policy will contribute to the achievement of this objective and is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy primarily protects non-designated employment land as locations for employment, however appropriate non-employment use is permitted if it meets the policy criteria.  This shows how the policy offers a more flexible approach to the efficient use of 'non-designated employment land' in this case and is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. This policy could potentially contribute to air pollution, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded in relation to air pollution. An air quality assessment is currently underway. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy supports new development on non-designated employment land that is fit for purpose, high quality business space and upgrades existing poor or old stock design and encourages improvements to poor quality and outdated buildings.  The requirement for renewal and upgraded employment space to be high quality and fit for purpose will contribute to maintaining and improving local distinctiveness in the borough and is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports development on non-designated employment areas which delivers co-location of other uses including C3, A class uses and social and community infrastructure as well as high quality business space.  Non-designated employment landsites provide suitable location for lighter, manufacturing and production uses for example.  This will help meet the borough's demand for employment space and help maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy protects non-designated employment land as locations for employment by supporting new development that is designed for employment use and which also delivers intensification, consolidation or co-location. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect and address key sustainability issues.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy protects non-designated employment land as locations for employment by supporting new development that is designed for employment use and to accommodate a range of appropriate identified future employment growth sectors.  This will contribute to maintaining stable levels of employment in the borough and is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18 (maintaining and enhancing vitality and viability), SA19 (improving local economy) and SA20 (maintaining stable levels of employment) as the policy protects non-designated employment land as locations for new employment development.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 30 Indust Master Approac","index":32,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Industrial Masterplan Approach"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","This policy states that intensification and consolidation should be considered prior to new developments. This should increase land use efficiency and could indirectly help to protect soil quality and geological resources elsewhere within the borough. Therefore, a minor positive effect has been identified. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. This policy could potentially contribute to air pollution, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded in relation to air pollution. An air quality assessment is currently underway. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","This policy stipulates within criterion E that future development of SIL, LSIS and BEA should take account of the character and visions of an area. This could help to ensure that local character (and distinctiveness) is maintained, hence a potential minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","Policy 30 should help to prevent the loss of SIL, LSIS and BEA, and could increase the net employment floorspace within the borough through criterion B. Criterion D could also help to improve the quality of employment space available. As proposals must provide upgraded facilities which are fit for purpose. Therefore, a potential significant positive effect has been identified. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","This policy should help to increase the net available employment space within the borough and proposals should be supported by a viability and delivery plan. Existing businesses should also be retained through a Retention and Relocation Strategy. These measures should encourage further stable business development, hence a potential significant positive effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18 (maintaining and enhancing vitality and viability), SA19 (improving local economy) and SA20 (maintaining stable levels of employment) as the policy protects non-designated employment land as locations for new employment development.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 31 Co-location Design","index":33,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Co-location Design Principles"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy permits the co-location of employment floorspace on some LSIS or BEA  land if the development provides wider benefits. This could include residential use, thus contributing to the achievement of this SA objective. Therefore, a minor indirect positive effect has been identified.  ","Indirect","N/A","N/A","N/A","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","Criterion B of this policy specifically states that appropriate design which addresses safety and security should be incorporated into design. This could help to reduce crime and the fear of crime within future co-located policies, hence a minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","Criterion B of this policy specifically states that refuse arrangements should be considered prior to development, and mitigation incorporated into design. This could help to ensure that future waste is managed properly and efficiently at co-location developments, hence a minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","Criterion B of this policy states that air quality, including dust, odour and emissions should be considered prior to construction, with appropriate design mitigation put in place. This could prevent co-location developments from exacerbating current air quality issues within the borough. Therefore, a minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","This policy stipulates within criterion E that future development of SIL, LSIS and BEA should take account of the character and visions of an area. This could help to ensure that local character (and distinctiveness) is maintained, hence a potential minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","This policy will allow for the development of residential, retail and food and beverage uses alongside industrial space. This co-location could help to provide a variety of employment space on offer, whilst retaining existing industrial space. Therefore, a potential significant positive effect has been identified. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","This policy could help to increase the variety of employment space within certain parts of the borough, and may increase flexible work space. Therefore, a minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18 (maintaining and enhancing vitality and viability), SA19 (improving local economy) and SA20 (maintaining stable levels of employment) as the policy protects non-designated employment land as locations for new employment development.  "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Workspaces "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy promotes the provision of offices and flexible workspaces for small and medium sized enterprises in sustainable locations. Criteria B of the policy permits development proposals for offices and workspaces which are well-designed, flexible and adaptable spaces of different unit sizes and types for a range of uses.  This will contribute to ensuring the efficient use of land and buildings and is predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. This policy could potentially contribute to air pollution, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded in relation to air pollution. An air quality assessment is currently underway. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy promotes the provision of offices and flexible workspaces for small and medium sized enterprises in sustainable locations. New office development will contribute to the vitality, viability and vibrancy of the borough's town centres by creating footfall and daytime activity. It is therefore predicted to have an indirect significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","Specific investment directed through the provision of new workspaces into existing local areas including the Blackhorse Lane Creative Enterprise Zone will help improve the local economy be enabling employment development in appropriate locations. Affordable workspace will also need to be provided, which could help to support business start ups and small companies in particular. This policy is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy promotes the provision of workspaces of varying sizes and it promotes low cost affordable spaces as part of mixed use development. This will contribute to the growth of start-ups, SME's, creative and digital industries which will create new employment opportunities and help to maintain levels of employment in the borough. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive","indirect altered to direct"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18, SA19 and SA20 as the policy promotes new offices and workspaces which if implemented will contribute to the vitality and viability of the borough and provide employment opportunities which will help maintaining the local economy. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 33 Affordable Workspaces","index":35,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Affordable Workspace"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","National/ High","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The provision of affordable workspace in a variety of settings, including town centres, SIL and as part of regeneration schemes should help to improve support for business start-ups within the borough. However, it is unclear how much of such space would be provided, or if all developments would need to include it within future proposals. Therefore, a potential uncertain effect has been recorded. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","This policy promotes the provision of affordable workspace within a variety of development types and locations. This could help to support business start-ups, thus indirectly aiding to maintain employment within the borough. However, it is unclear how much affordable workspace would need to be provided in order to comply with the policy, hence an uncertain effect has been recorded. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA19 and SA20: the provision of a percentage of affordable workspace to be included in the policy would remove the uncertainty identified in the assessment.  "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18, SA19 and SA20 as the policy promotes new offices and workspaces which if implemented will contribute to the vitality and viability of the borough and provide employment opportunities which will help maintaining the local economy. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 34 LocalJobs Skill & Tr","index":36,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Local Jobs, Skills and Training and Procurement "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy supports the achievement of the objective and addresses key sustainability issues.  It provides skills development and employment opportunities for local  residents particularly entry level such as apprenticeships, through Section 106 legal agreements.  This should help promote opportunities for residents and could have a positive effect on reducing crime. It is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy fully supports the achievement of the objective and addresses key sustainability issues.  Its primary purpose is to promote access to Waltham Forest residents to a broad range of local jobs, skills and training which has direct links to improving community cohesion and reducing inequalities.  It is therefore considered to have potential to result in a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy promotes economic growth and employment through the provision of local jobs, skills and training for local residents and businesses.  This exemplifies how the policy supports the achievement of this objective and addresses some relevant key sustainability issues and could therefore result in a minor positive effect on this SA objective.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of the objective as there could be an indirect minor positive effect on air quality from supporting more people living and working within the borough, thus reducing the need to travel.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports economic growth and employment opportunities through the creation and promotion of local jobs, skills and training.  It also supports procurement of local businesses.  These all contribute to the achievement of this objective and the relevant key sustainability issues.  For example, Criteria D of the policy supports the growth of existing and future start-ups, SME's and businesses.  Furthermore, more businesses and employment in the area should increase spending in town centres.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy supports economic growth and employment opportunities through the creation and promotion of local jobs, skills and training.  These all contribute to the achievement of this objective and the relevant key sustainability issues.  For example, Criteria D of the policy supports the growth of existing and future business start-ups, SME's and business in key growth sectors.    It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy fully supports the achievement of the objective and addresses key sustainability issues.  Its primary purpose is to promote and support a broad range of employment and training opportunities and requires all development of 25 units or more to provide jobs, skills and training for local residents via Section 106 contributions.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"\nPotential significant positive effects are predicted for SA objectives 4 and 18-20 as a result of the policy promoting local employment, skills and training opportunities.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 35 Railway Arches ","index":37,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Railway Arches "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective and addresses some relevant key sustainability issues as it promotes development at railway arches which supports current and future B1a, B1c, B2, B8, D and A class uses.  However, this excludes new development in an identified SIL, LSIS or BEA and is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect rather than a significant positive effect.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses all relevant key sustainability issues as it promotes development of railway arches to create attractive places to work and visit.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","Railway arches are historic and the policy promotes improvements to the appearance of them to help restore activity and sense of place to isolated or areas in need of regeneration.  It is considered therefore that the policy supports the achievement of this objective and will have a minor positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports the development and improvement to the appearance of railway arches in the borough  which contributes to the achievement of this objective and the relevant key sustainability issues.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy supports the development of railway arches in the borough where it is not identified SIL, LSIS or BEA that can provide suitable and affordable locations for a range of employment development. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy supports the development of railway arches in the borough where it is not identified SIL, LSIS or BEA that can provide suitable and affordable locations for a range of employment development. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"\nPotential significant positive effects are predicted for SA objectives 12, 16 and 19 as the policy promotes regeneration of railway arches to create employment opportunities which demonstrates the efficient use of existing land and buildings.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 36 Promoting Cult&Creati","index":38,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Promoting Culture and Creativity"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The implementation of this policy has the potential for a minor positive impact on this SA objective. The locating “of arts, culture, entertainment and visitor facilities” within central areas of the borough could help to ensure that all are able to access and use these facilities. Current cultural facilities will be maintained and new developments of this type will also be encouraged. In addition, areas of outside space will be promoted for the use of cultural, recreational and sporting activities. Therefore, a potential significant positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The implementation of this policy has the potential for a minor positive impact on this SA objective. The locating “of arts, culture, entertainment and visitor facilities” within central areas of the borough could ensure that all are able to access and use these facilities through sustainable transport methods. This may also help to reduce private car travel. Therefore, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","Part C of this policy may aid in creating facilities of mixed use, thus increasing the efficiency of land use within Waltham Forest.  For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The implementation of this policy has the potential for a significant positive effect on this SA objective. Development proposals concerning “arts, culture, entertainment and visitor facilities” will be focused within district centres. Funding may also be gained to further enhance these facilities. This should promote the town centres and help to make them vibrant places to visit. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect has been identified for SA18 from the implementation of this policy. This is due to the focusing of cultural and visitor attractions which is likely to result from this policy, which should help to ensure the town centres remain vibrant places to live, work and visit. This policy therefore meets the objectives of SA18, hence a potential significant positive impact was recorded. \nA potential significant positive impact was also predicted for SA4, as the implementation of this policy may help to improve cultural attractions, as well as increasing the use of open space for other uses, such as recreation. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 37 Protecting Pubs","index":39,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Protecting Public Houses (Pubs)"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy should prevent a lack of public houses required by those living and working in the borough to occur. This could work towards ensuring the wellbeing of residents and workers is maintained within the Borough, although as not all use pubs frequently, the magnitude of this impact is predicted to be low. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The protection of pubs could help to support community cohesion, as these are social environments for communities. However, as not all use pubs, the positive effect is predicted to be minor and of low magnitude. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","Whilst development of pubs is permitted, this is restricted by several criteria within the policy. This could restrict development and slow regeneration of some areas. Therefore, a minor negative effect has been identified. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Negative",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","Local distinctiveness may be maintained or improved through the protection of local pubs, which are often distinguishing features of a local area. Therefore, a minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","Public houses have a heritage value to the community with some being registered as an Asset of Community Value and their significance as important local assets will be protected by the implementation of this policy. For this reason, a significant positive effect has been recorded, although this is of low magnitude as not all historic buildings are pubs. \n\n","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The implementation of this policy could help to improve the vitality of town centre areas, as they may draw people in from surrounding areas. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 38 Blackhorse Lane CEZ","index":40,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Blackhorse Lane Creative Enterprise Zone "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","This policy could indirectly help to decrease crime, through the provision of space which could be used for creative industries. This may help to channel people into work, rather than committing crime. Therefore, an indirect minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","Local cultural and recreational needs could be maintained and developed with the increase of additional creative space resulting from this policy. This may help to improve community cohesion, hence an indirect minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","This policy encourages the use of temporary vacant builds and sites for affordable workspace or cultural uses , which should help to improve land use efficiency, although vacant building and sites use will be temporary. Therefore, a minor positive impact of low magnitude has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. This policy could potentially contribute to air pollution, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded in relation to air pollution. An air quality assessment is currently underway. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","\n\nThe creation of Blackhorse Lane Creative Enterprise Zone will help to increase local distinctiveness and the policy supports this achievement. Pockets of creative enterprises could be developed, as the clustering of 'creative, digital and cultural industries' will be encouraged/increased through this policy.","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","It is unclear if historic buildings will be used by creative developments, in line with criteria C of this policy. This could help to ensure that the buildings remain, and awareness and appreciation of them increased. Conversely, if historic buildings undergo extensive construction work, they may loose their character and value. However, any potential negative effects on historic buildings would be mitigated by other policies within the Local Plan such as policies 76 and 77 related to locally listed buildings and non-designated heritage assets. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The creation of Blackhorse Creative Enterprise Zones (CEZ) will help support, promote and maximise opportunities in cultural and creative industries in this area of the borough which may have a significant positive knock on effect for borough town centres in close proximity to this CEZ.  Therefore a significant positive effect has been recorded.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","Creative developments will be concentrated in an already established area of creative industry and retail, which has good links to public transport. This should ensure that employment resulting from these developments in the Blackhorse Lane CEZ is in accessible and appropriate locations. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The development of Blackhorse Lane CEZ, with premises which are of high quality and affordability will support creative industries within this locality in the Borough. Therefore, those employed by such sectors are more likely to locate employment/workshop or exhibition space within this area of the Borough. As this is a very niche sector, the positive effect is likely to be minor and of low magnitude, as not all workers will be affected by this policy. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA16: Local distinctiveness is likely to be improved through the clustering of creative industries, as many retailers and skilled workers will be found within distinct pockets of the Borough. Thus, a significant positive effect was recorded. \nSA19: Creative Enterprise employment space is likely to be increased in number within specific locations. This is predicted to provide such business with the space they require within the Borough, at an affordable price. Hence, a minor significant positive effect was recorded. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 39 Hierarchy of Centres","index":41,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Hierarchy of Centres "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy supports the achievement of the objective and addresses some relevant key sustainability issues.  Its primary purpose is to provide a sustainable distribution of town centre facilities and services to support local communities which has direct links to improving community cohesion and reducing inequalities so there are well-balanced high quality places to live and work.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it protects and enhances the borough's network of centres to provide a sustainable distribution of town centre facilities and services which contributes to the promotion of retail investment in town centres.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy supports thriving town centres to become attractive destinations for shopping, employment, entertainment and leisure activities. The policy promotes and supports investment in a range of main town centre uses which will contribute to improving the local economy. It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect on this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy supports the achievement of the objective as its primary purpose is to provide a sustainable distribution of town centre facilities and services to support local communities and also to protect and enhance existing centres.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect on helping to maintain stables levels of employment in the borough.   ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None.  "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects have been identified for SA18 and SA20 which relate to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres which will support the levels of employment in the borough.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 40 Retail Office & Leisu","index":42,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","New Retail, Office and Leisure Developments"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy aims to focus future leisure developments in locations within, or with good pedestrian access to, Walthamstow, District and Neighbourhood Centres. This could indirectly help to ensure that large proportions of residents are able to access these services, improving local health and wellbeing. Therefore, an indirect minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy supports the delivery of new developments which includes leisure and cultural/tourism, entertainment, hotel, community and other service uses that is appropriate to the role and function of the particular centre or parade and its catchment.  This also supports some key sustainability objectives such as the need to build on the borough's arts, culture and sport strengths and to deliver new facilities across the borough.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy seeks to direct new retail, office and leisure developments in main town centres and to edge of centre locations which are well connected to the centre by means of easy pedestrian access.  It therefore supports the achievement of this objective to improve opportunities for access to local services and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy promotes and supports a mix of retail, leisure and office development which will help retain and develop the borough's town centres' vibrancy and vitality.  It will therefore fully support the achievement of this objective and address key sustainability as it seeks to direct new investment into town centres.  Consequently it is predicted to have a potential significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes new retail, office and leisure developments which will help achieve this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy supports development proposals for new retail, office and leisure developments in designated town centres. This will contribute to maintaining stable levels of local employment in the service industry and is therefore considered likely to have a minor positive effect.","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA4 as provision of new facilities and services will help improve community cohesion and it will also help maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres in line with SA18."]

{"sheet":"Policy 41 Des Centre & Parades","index":43,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Revitalisation, Adaptation and Regeneration in Designated Centres and Parades "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","Planning Objective B of the policy promotes the conversion of retail and other commercial premises to appropriate alternative uses such as community uses, leisure and entertainment uses subject to other policies in the plan.  Policy Objective E also promotes the development of meanwhile and temporary uses with space provision for art, performance and exhibition as well as for educational and vocational projects and activities.  The provision of community facilities through this policy supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  \n","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports development proposals that involve the revitalisation, adaption and regeneration of the borough's designated centres/retail parades and other non-designated areas.  It promotes the conversion and adaption of existing buildings to appropriate alternative uses and the conversion of vacant commercial floorspace.  This exemplifies how the policy supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","Planning Objective H of the policy promotes local distinctiveness with regard to the 'offer' of individual centres, their place setting and the development of differentiated niche roles. This shows how the policy supports the achievement of this SA objective and the recognition of the  importance that the design and appearance of a proposed use is in order to integrate well within the existing streetscape.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","This policy fully supports the achievement of this objective.  For example, it seeks to encourage the development of flexible and adaptable units and establish Business Improvement Districts to create an improved environment for business and secure improvements in town centre performance.  A mix of uses on individual sites and across and area will support vitality and viability and encourage investment.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes development proposals involving the revitalisation, adaptation and regeneration in designated centres and parades which will help achieve this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy seeks to encourage the development of flexible and adaptable uses in designated centres and parades and supports the conversion of retail and other commercial premises to appropriate alternative uses.  It supports the achievement of the objective as it seeks to protect and enhance existing centres.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect on helping to maintain stables levels of employment in the Borough.   ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA12 as the policy promotes the regeneration, revitalisation and adaptation of existing buildings and land which will help maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough's designated centres and parades (SA18).  "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Managing Changes of Use in Primary Shopping Areas"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports proposals for new retail uses and promotes the need for greater flexibility for changes of use in primary frontages of Walthamstow and the District Centres.  This ensures the efficient use of buildings and therefore supports the achievement of this objective and consequently is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","Well managed, changes of use can bring positive regeneration benefits.  This policy seeks to manage changes of use in primary frontages and in particular, will promote proposals which contribute to the vitality and viability of the proposed frontage and centre generally.  Hence, this policy is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes proposals for new retail uses and other appropriate changes of use which will help achieve this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy seeks to manage appropriate changes of use in primary frontages within the designated centres.  It supports the achievement of the objective as it seeks to protect and enhance existing centres.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect on helping to maintain stables levels of employment in the borough.   ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 43 Man COU Nonshop Front","index":45,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Managing Changes of Use Outside Primary Shopping Areas of Designated Centres"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports proposals for new retail and non-retail uses outside of the designated primary shopping areas of Walthamstow and the District Centres.  This encourages the efficient use buildings in the local area generally and is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  \n","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy promotes greater opportunities for a diverse range and mix of both retail and non-retail uses outside the designated primary shopping areas in the borough.  This may include new businesses that cannot initially afford prime locations or retailers specialising in a particular product.  Criterion A of the policy requires proposals to show how the proposed use will contribute to the vitality and viability of the particular frontage and centre generally. This shows how the policy supports the achievement of the objective and is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes proposals for new retail and non-retail uses which will help achieve this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy seeks to manage appropriate changes of use outside primary shopping areas of Walthamstow Town Centre and the District Centres.  It supports the achievement of the objective as it seeks to protect and enhance existing centres.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect on helping to maintain stables levels of employment in the borough.   ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None."]

{"sheet":"Policy 44 Manage COU Neigh Cent","index":46,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
["h"]
[null,"Policy Name:","Managing Changes of Use in Neighbourhood Centres and Local Retail Parades"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports proposals for new retail uses and promotes the need for greater flexibility for changes of use in Neighbourhood Centres and Local Retail Parades.  This ensures the efficient use of buildings and therefore supports the achievement of this objective and consequently is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy promotes changes of use in Neighbourhood Centres and Local Retail Parades where the proposal will contribute to the vitality and viability of a particular frontage and centre generally.  It also promotes a replacement use where it is considered beneficial to the local community. This shows how the policy supports the achievement of this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes proposals for new retail uses and other appropriate changes of use which will help achieve this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy seeks to manage appropriate changes of use in Neighbourhood Centres and Local Retail Parades.  It supports the achievement of the objective as it seeks to protect and enhance existing centres.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect on helping to maintain stables levels of employment in the borough.   ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 45 Proposals Non-Des Cen","index":47,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Proposals in Non-Designated Centres and Parades "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports change of use from retail to other uses including housing as can be seen in Criteria D which states that ground flood housing conversions may be justified as replacement alternative uses and when the proposal is part of a scheme involving a group of properties in the street block or parade.  The scope for provision of some form of housing through this policy supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have potential for a minor positive effect.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy acknowledges the important role of corner shops as shown through Criteria A as it seeks to ensure that local residents to any development proposal would still have access to local shops within reasonable walking distance.  This will contribute to the achievement of this objective.  Therefore, a minor positive effect is predicted.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy supports the change of use from retail to other uses and aims to ensure that the replacement use would be beneficial to the local community and contributes to the regeneration objectives for the local area.  If implemented this policy supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have potential for a minor positive effect.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","This policy seeks to ensure that people are not dependent on car use for their day to day top up convenience shopping need and that local residents still have access to local shops within reasonable walking distance.  It is promoting a reduction in car use to visit local shops and facilities and is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports development proposals that involve the change of use through conversion from retail to other uses where it complies with planning policy and this will encourage the efficient use of land.  Therefore a minor positive effect is predicted. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","Planning Criteria B of the policy supports replacement use that is beneficial to the local community and contributes to the regeneration objectives for the local area which will help maintain and improve local distinctiveness.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy relates to proposals outside designated centres and therefore neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  A neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes development proposals in non-designated centres which will help achieve this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy seeks to encourage the change of use from retail to other uses due to the expected reduction in demand for retail properties.  This may lead to the loss of employment in the retail industry and therefore is considered to have a minor negative effect.\n\n","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Negative"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA12 as the policy promotes the regeneration, revitalisation and adaptation of existing buildings and land which will help maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough's designated centres and parades (SA18).  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 46 Pro of Particular Use","index":48,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":true,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Proliferation of Particular Uses Policy now deleted"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues - NEEDS UPDATING AS PER POLICY 17","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the Borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the Borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the Borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","Planning Objective B of the policy promotes the conversion of retail and other commercial premises to appropriate alternative uses such as community uses, leisure and entertainment uses subject to other policies in the plan.  Policy Objective E also promotes the development of meanwhile and temporary uses with space provision for art, performance and exhibition as well as for educational and vocational projects and activities.  The provision of community facilities through this policy supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  \n\n(upgraded scoring now there are 2 policy criteria promoting community facilities)","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the Borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the Borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the Borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the Borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the Borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote flood resistance and resilience measures for these properties.\n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports development proposals that involve the revitalisation, adaption and regeneration of the borough's designated centres/retail parades and other non-designated areas.  It promotes the conversion and adaption of existing buildings to appropriate alternative uses and the conversion of vacant commercial floorspace.  this includes vacant units.  This exemplifies how the policy supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services; minimise impacts on biodiversity and provide net gains in biodiversity where possible.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the Borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","Planning Objective H of the policy promotes local distinctiveness with regard to the 'offer' of individual centres, their place setting and the development of differentiated niche roles. This shows how the policy supports the achievement of this SA objective and the recognition of the  importance that the design and appearance of a proposed use is in order to integrate well within the existing streetscape.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","This policy fully supports the achievement of this objective.  For example, it seeks to encourage the development of flexible and adaptable units and establish Business Improvement Districts to create an improved environment for business and secure improvements in town centre performance.  A mix of uses on individual sites and across and area will support vitality and viability and encourage investment.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the Borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the Borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes development proposals involving the revitalisation, adaptation and regeneration in designated centres and parades which will help achieve this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels. between wards within the Borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest Borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy seeks to encourage the development of flexible and adaptable uses in designated centres and parades and supports the conversion of retail and other commercial premises to appropriate alternative uses.  It supports the achievement of the objective as it seeks to protect and enhance existing centres.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect on helping to maintain stables levels of employment in the Borough.   ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA12 as the policy promotes the regeneration, revitalisation and adaptation of existing buildings and land which will help maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough's designated centres and parades (SA18).  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 46 Evening & Night Uses","index":49,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Evening and Night-time Economy Uses"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy supports proposals for evening and night-time economy uses where the design particularly focuses on public safety, crime prevention and the reduction of anti-social behaviour (Criteria B).  It therefore supports the achievement of this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The night time economy has been growing in the borough over many years.  It provides opportunities to show a wide range of arts and cultural events. The policy promotes proposals for night time and evening uses which confirm with policy requirements and it supports the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","Criteria G of the policy states that proposals will be encouraged where access to public transport facilities will be available during the hours of operation.  The policy therefore seeks to ensure there is opportunities for access to local services provided through proposals for evening and night-time economy uses that are accessible to public transport.  This exemplifies how the policy supports the achievement of this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","Criteria E of the policy states that proposals will be encouraged where arrangements for mitigating pollution including refuse disposal for example is provided in a way that minimises visual and environmental impact. It therefore supports the achievement of this objective to prevent production of waste and increase recycling and recovery and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  \n\n","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective by encouraging proposals for evening and night-time economy uses that contribute to the vitality and viability of the Borough's designated town centres in particular Walthamstow Town Centre.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes proposals for evening and night-time economy uses in appropriate locations.  The night time economy will improve the local economy as it  will help to create jobs and increase footfall which will contribute to the achievement of this objective.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy seeks to manage evening and night-time economy uses in the Borough's designated town centres in particular, Walthamstow Town Centre.  It supports the achievement of the objective as it seeks to promote and encourage a night time economy which will help create jobs and increase footfall.  this will help maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect on helping to maintain stables levels of employment in the Borough.   ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 47 Shopfronts & Signage","index":50,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Shopfronts and Signage "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy sets out design criteria that new shop fronts and signs should comply with.  For example, criteria A states that the design should relate to the scale, proportion and appearance of the building and respects the character of the area or parade where the proposal is located.  This shows how the policy supports the achievement of this objective as it seeks to maintain and improve the streetscape and strong sense of place. It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it seeks to ensure that proposals for shopfronts and signage do not negatively impact the local area and that they respect the character of the area or parade where the proposal is located. These actions plus the fact that new shop fronts and signage may contribute to the vitality of the town centre will support this SA objective. It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None."]

{"sheet":"Policy 48 Soc&CommInfra","index":51,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Social and Community Infrastructure"]
[null,"Assumptions:"," None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective through its requirement to protect, enhance and provide new social and community facilities.  Therefore, a significant positive impact has been identified.","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The implementation of this policy will help meet the social and community facility needs of the Borough.  For this reason, a significant positive impact has been identified for this SA objective.","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","\nThe policy has clear criteria which states that proposals for new or improved social and community infrastructure will be supported if the location is easily accessible by sustainable modes of transport such as walking, cycling and public transport for staff and users.  Therefore, a potential significant positive impact has been identified for this SA objective.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","he inclusion of sustainable transport methods to and from new or improved social and community infrastructure should help in the reduction of private car journeys and therefore greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, an indirect minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The inclusion of sustainable transport methods to and from new or improved social and community infrastructure should hekp in the reduction of private car journeys and therefore greenhouse gas emissions.  Therefore, an indirect minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy supports proposals which are of a high quality and inclusive design, providing access for all in accordance with design policies.  This will help maintain and establish a strong sense of place and create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.  Therefore a minor positive effect is predicted.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","This policy may indirectly help to ensure that town centre areas containing social and community facilities are use throughout weekends and evenings, thus increasing footfall and vibrancy in these areas. Therefore, an indirect minor positive impact has been identified for this objective. ","Indirect","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Significant positive effects have been forecasted for SA objectives 3 and 5, as this policy is directly dealing with issues and aims covered in these SA objectives. New housing developments would have to consider the provision of an impacts on local services, as well as ensuring there are sustainable methods by which to access these services. Through ensuring future development provides adequate community and social services at the planning stage, it is hoped that any potential cumulative effects of increased demand on existing services will be mitigated by this policy. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Education and Childcare Facilities"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The implementation of this policy could help to ensure future educational developments are created to a high standard and in accessible locations, to meet the needs of local people. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The implementation of this policy could help to ensure future educational developments are created within close proximity of transport links, reducing the need for private transport. Any new educational facilities would need to carefully consider the needs of all users, ensuring the facilities meet their needs. Hence, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","This policy may aid in ensuring the efficient use of land, by creating multipurpose spaces for differing educational needs. It encourages “the shared use of services between schools, colleges, universities, sports providers, community and cultural facilities.”. This could also lessen development pressure for greenfield sites. Therefore, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Short","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"No potential significant effects identified. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Promoting Healthy Communities"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  \n\n","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","\nThe policy supports proposals that encourages social interaction through the delivery of safe, accessible and inclusive places.  There is therefore potential for a significant positive effect on this SA objective through the implementation of this policy.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","\nThere is potential for a significant positive impact on this SA objective through the implementation of this policy as the policy includes a number of criteria which promote the creation of healthy communities such as: ensuring inclusive access to public green and open spaces, sports and recreation facilities; protecting existing allotments and supporting the provision of new food growing spaces; and encouraging child friendly design of places.  It also encourages the use of Health Impact Assessments (HIA) in all major applications.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","There is potential for a minor positive effect on this SA objective. This policy identifies the need to ensure “the enhancement and inclusive access to public green and open spaces, sports and recreational facilities as well as encouraging child friendly design of places ”, potentially leading to the improvement of recreational space access and social needs. However, this policy does not address cultural or educational needs, hence a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective.  ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","This policy aims to promote the delivery of healthier, active and sustainable life styles and accessible places. Highly accessible locations are also highlighted as areas in which social infrastructure, such as drinking fountains should be placed. However, access to employment and local services is not covered by this policy. Therefore, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective.   ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","This policy may have an indirect minor positive impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction. By improving the sustainable transport network and promoting its use, the number of journeys made by private car are likely to reduce, thus GHG emissions could too. Therefore, an indirect minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy encourages the mitigation of negative environmental impacts such as noise and air pollution on the health and well-being of occupiers.  This mitigation may help to improve air quality within the borough. Therefore, an indirect minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Criteria I of the policy encourages food growing in the borough and the protection of existing allotments which, as identified as a one of the sub-objectives to this SA objective, will encourage residents to engage with the management, maintenance and use of the environment in their neighbourhood.  If implemented the policy could result in an indirect minor positive effect.  \n","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","Criteria H of the policy supports the enhancement and inclusive access to public green and open spaces.  Therefore a minor positive effect is predicted.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy encourages social interaction through the delivery of safe, accessible and inclusive places and child friendly design of places which will help establish, maintain and improve local distinctiveness.  Therefore a significant positive effect is predicted.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect was identified from the implementation of this policy for SA3: Improve standard of health and wellbeing. This is due to this policy detailing the enhancement of both health and wellbeing within the Borough through a variety of methods, such as improved healthcare services. By ensuring these transport methods are available within the Borough, those travelling to Waltham Forest from surrounding Boroughs may also benefit from improved transport links and chose more sustainable methods to travel to or through the Borough. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 51 Health Impact Assess","index":54,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Health Impact Assessments "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","\n\nHigh quality new homes which are healthy for their occupants could be delivered through the implementation of this policy, as new developments of 100 dwellings or more must submit a Health Impact Assessment (HIA). For this reason, a minor indirect positive impact has been identified for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","\nThe policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy could help to increase health and wellbeing within the borough as it requires all development meeting the threshold set out below to submit a Health Impact Assessment:\nA.  All developments of 100 new homes or more\nB. Non-residential developments of 10,000sqm or more\nC. Proposals for takeaways, betting shops and payday loan shops\n\nTherefore a significant positive effect is predicted for this SA objective.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  \n","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  \n  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect was identified from the implementation of this policy for SA3: Improve standard of health and wellbeing. This is due to this policy detailing the enhancement of both health and wellbeing within the Borough through a variety of methods, such as improved healthcare services. By ensuring these transport methods are available within the Borough, those travelling to Waltham Forest from surrounding Boroughs may also benefit from improved transport links and chose more sustainable methods to travel to or through the Borough. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 52 Making Safer Places ","index":55,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Making Safer Places "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy aims to improve community safety and cohesion by designing out crime.\nIt promotes the design of new development to create safe environments and reduce crime and disorder. For example Criteria A of the policy requires all new development to incorporate principles and practises of 'Designing out Crime' and 'Secured by Design'. Criteria C of the policy promotes safer streets and public realm improvements throughout the borough.  This fully supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy aims to improve community safety and cohesion by designing out crime by working with partners to achieve this and by requiring all new development to incorporate principles and practices which design out crime.  This will improve community cohesion and is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy aims to design out crime which will help improve community safety and cohesion.  Criteria B of the policy promotes co-ordinated land uses to minimise the likelihood of an increase in crime and disorder.  This will contribute to the efficient use of land and is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy promotes designing out crime and designing in community safety and how the design and layout of the physical environment is key to creating safe environments and reducing crime and disorder.  This will contribute to establishing a strong sense of place to live, work and visit which maintain and improve local distinctiveness.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"\nPotential significant positive effects are predicted for SA2 and SA4 as the policy will help reduce crime and the fear of crime and improve community cohesion.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 53 Noise, Vib & Light Po","index":56,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Noise, Vibration and Light Pollution"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy makes clear that external lighting schemes should only illuminate intended areas of a development site which acknowledges how appropriate lighting can play a vital role in enhancing community safety at night.  This will help provide safe environments and therefore a minor positive effect is predicted.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy sets out a number of criteria to ensure that noise, vibration and light pollution are considered by developers and appropriate design and mitigations measures are put in place for the benefit of residents and neighbours.  This particularly includes noise sensitive land-uses such as housing, schools and quiet open spaces.  This is likely to improve the standard of wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough and a minor positive effect is predicted.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy promotes minimal noise, vibration and light pollution and the supporting text to the policy recognises the need to minimise light pollution in areas particularly sensitive for wildlife.  Therefore an indirect minor positive effect is predicted.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Hot Food Takeaways"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The implementation of this policy may help to ensure anti-social behaviour which may result from the clustering of hot food takeaways is reduced. Litter and noise associated with these types of developments may also be reduced. Therefore, a potential significant positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy may help to increase the standard of health within the borough, by preventing the clustering of hot food takeaway developments. In particular, proposals for new hot food takeaways are not permitted within 400m of the boundary of a nursery, primary school, secondary school, community college or youth facilities, which may aid in preventing young people from using these shops to obtain fast, unhealthy foods in their daily routine. New takeaway businesses will also have to comply with the Waltham Forest Healthier Catering Commitment within 6 months of opening. Hence, a potential significant positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The clustering of litter produced from users of takeaway shops could be prevented with the implementation of this policy. However, if these shops are more spread out, the litter could become more wide spread, and recycling and waste facilities may need to be expanded to new parts of the Borough. Hence a potential minor negative impact has been recorded for this SA objective.  ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Negative",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The implementation of this policy may aid in increasing the vitality and viability of the town centres. By preventing the clustering of future takeaway developments, multi-functional areas will be created, ensuring the town centre can be used by all, during all hours of the day. However, as this policy will only be considered by future developments, the magnitude of any impact is likely to be low. Hence, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA6:  If this policy included the need to check for, and provide where not present, appropriate waste facilities, the potential negative effect identified could be mitigated. Indeed, the current minor negative effect identified could be altered to a minor positive effect."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"This policy could be enhanced with the addition of the need to make appropriate recycling and waste facilities with the development of new hot food takeaways. This could result in a significant positive effect on SA6: waste.   "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive impacts were predicted for SA 2: Reduce crime and the fear of crime and SA3: Improve standard of health and wellbeing. \nSA2: Preventing the clustering of hot food takeaway developments may help to reduce antisocial behaviour as well as littering and noise. In doing so, it is hoped that the fear of crime will also be reduced. As this policy works towards all aspects of this SA objective, a minor positive impact was recorded. \nSA3: This policy would help to focus hot food takeaways development away from areas where young adults go as part of their daily routine (schools/colleges). Healthy eating habits forming at a young age is likely to help these individuals to remain healthy, with a balanced diet, for their younger years, as well as later in life. Therefore, this policy fully works towards a potential significant positive impact for this SA objective. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Betting Shops and Payday Loan Shops"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy sets out a number of conditions which proposals for new betting shops and payday loan shops have to meet and one relates specifically to the implications a proposal may have in relation to community safety, crime and anti-social behaviour and how this can be suitably managed in accordance with Policy 53 (Making Places Safer).   Therefore the implementation of this policy may help to reduce crime and fear of crime and a potential minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy considers the health implications raised by betting shops and payday loan shops and the need for them to be carefully managed.  It also states that proposals of this nature are not to be located within or close to areas of deprivation.  It therefore fully supports the achievement of the SA objective and a potential significant positive effect has been identified.  \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The implementation of this policy may aid in increasing the vitality and viability of the town centres. By preventing the clustering of future betting and payday loan  developments, multi-functional areas will be created, ensuring the town centre can be used by all, during all hours of the day. However, as this policy will only be considered by future developments, the magnitude of any impact is likely to be low. Hence, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None.   "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive impact was identified for SA2: Reduce crime and the fear of crime. This is due to the spreading out of people who may become involved in antisocial behaviour associated with betting shops. Moreover, the noise associated with the clustering of these shops would be reduced by the implementation of this policy. Fear of crime would also be addressed by this policy, as whole areas of a town would not be areas which people find intimidating to visit or travel through. As this policy works towards both aspects of this SA objective, a significant positive impact was recorded.   "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Delivering High Quality Design "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports development proposals which deliver high quality design.  It requires new residential schemes to address the Design Council \"Building for Life 12\" criteria. The policy therefore supports the achievement of this objective and addresses some of the key sustainability issues and is predicted to have a minor positive effect on this SA objective.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy fully supports development proposals which deliver high quality 'safe' design as can be seen in criteria H of the policy which states that development proposals will be supported where they provide appropriate safe and legible physical and visual connections that knit well into surrounding streets, routes and public realm, including where appropriate, neighbouring development proposals.  Criteria N of the policy states that development proposals should facilitate inclusive, safe and accessible environments for all.  \n\nThese exemplify how the policy supports the achievement of this SA objective (SA2) and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect. \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Criteria R of the policy states that residential schemes should address the ten principles of \"Active Design\" as published by Sport England and supported by Public Health England.  This shows how the policy is promoting good design and place making to create the right conditions and environments for individuals and communities to lead active and healthy lifestyles.  The policy also encourages all development proposals to maximise the versatility, adaptability and sustainability of both buildings and open spaces in order to accommodate present and future requirements.  Furthermore, it encourages all development proposals to be fit for purpose and demonstrate careful consideration of the needs of all building users.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a minor positive effect.","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","\n\nThis policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA4) and key sustainability issues.  For example, criteria P of the policy states that development proposals should 'maximise the versatility, adaptability and sustainability of buildings and open spaces to accommodate for present and future requirements'. It also requires under criteria N that development proposals should 'facilitate inclusive, safe and accessible environments for all'.  It is therefore considered to have potneital to achieve a minor positive effect.  \n \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA6) by requiring that all development proposals should implement design measures that increase climate change resiliency specifically in relation to waste management for example.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA7) by requiring that all development proposals should implement design measures that increase climate change resilience.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA8) by requiring that all development proposals should implement design measures that increase climate change resilience specifically in relation to microclimate control for example. It is therefore predicted to have a potential significant positive effect. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA9) by requiring that all development proposals should implement design measures that increase climate change resiliency specifically in relation to air and noise pollution for example.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","National/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy only addresses surface water management and states that all development proposals should implement design measures that increase climate change resiliency specifically in relation to surface water management.  It does not explicitly address or promote water efficiency.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor negative effect.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Negative",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA11) by requiring that all development proposals should implement design measures that increase climate change resilience, specifically in relation to surface water management. It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","\n\nThis policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA12) and is considered to have a minor positive effect. For example, criteria N of the policy states that development proposals should 'maximise the versatility, adaptability and sustainability of buildings and open spaces in order to accommodate present and future requirements'. \n\n","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA13) and key sustainability issues. It requires development proposals to 'incorporate high quality landscaping, tree planting and urban greening measures to maximise biodiversity and ecological interest' (criteria I of the policy).  Criteria M states that development proposals should provide multi-functional green spaces and criteria O of the policy specifically relates to implementing design measures that increase climate change resilience.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","Criteria I of the policy promotes the enhancement of open space areas through high quality landscaping, tree planting and urban greening measures to maximise biodiversity and ecological interest in development proposals.  The provision of new amenity open space therefore supports the achievement of this objective in relation to  open spaces areas.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective (SA16) and key sustainability issues. In criteria C of the policy it states that 'development proposals should be supported by a clear and robust design rationale based on a sound understanding and analysis of local context and character'.  Similarly, criteria D requires that development proposals to reinforce and/or enhance local character and distinctiveness.  It is therefore considered to have a potentially significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA17) in principle but does not address relevant key sustainability issues.  It requires development proposals to support local context and distinctiveness and to take account of other features of local and 'historical' interest when designing development.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy promotes high quality design which will indirectly support the achievement of this objective through supporting local distinctiveness and appearance of the area generally.  It is therefore considered to have the potential for a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None.  "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"It is recommended that the policy is strengthened to promote water efficiency in line with Local Plan Policy 92: Improving Environmental Quality, in order to mitigate the potential minor negative effect identified in relation to SA10. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA2 as the policy criteria specifically requires development proposals to facilitate inclusive and safe environments for all.  \nPotential significant positive effects are also predicted for SA13 as the policy fully supports development that conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment as well as proposals that improve resilience to climate change.\nPotential significant positive effects are also predicted for SA16 as the policy requires development proposals to be designed on a sound understanding and analysis of local context and character. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 57 Taller Buil","index":60,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Taller and Tall Buildings "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy supports new development in the form of taller or tall buildings principally in identified Strategic Locations and Opportunity Sites only. Taller and tall buildings can help optimise the use of land and assist in accommodating the borough's growth and these are likely to include housing provision and new dwellings. The policy is therefore considered to have a potentially significant positive effect on the delivery of housing and this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy fully supports development proposals which deliver high quality design and sets out specific criteria relating to environmental, functional and cumulative impacts. Through consideration of design qualities new development should contribute to making a safe and accessible environment and therefore help reduce crime and the fear of crime.  This exemplifies how the policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA2) and some of the key sustainability issues and is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect. \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy supports taller and tall buildings proposals that meet a number of policy tests such as consideration of visual and environmental impacts and high quality design.  The policy therefore supports the achievement of this objective (SA3) in principle as these relate to improving standards of health and wellbeing of local residents although it does not address the key sustainability criteria and may therefore result in only a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","This policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA4) and key sustainability issues.  For example, criteria A of the policy states that taller and tall building development proposals will be assessed on their location in terms of accessibility to transport interchanges and nearby facilities such as shops, community facilities and other services. This will contribute to achieving key sustainability issues such as 'help to support development of successful neighbourhoods' as well as supporting the achievement of this objective overall. It is therefore considered to have a significant  positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","\n\nThis policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA5) and key sustainability issues. For example, criteria A of the policy states that taller and tall building development proposals will be assessed on specific locational criteria such as proximity to public transport interchanges, walking and cycling networks and nearby facilities such as shops, community facilities and other services. This will contribute to achieving key sustainability issues such as 'help to support development of successful neighbourhoods' as well as supporting the achievement of this objective overall. It is therefore considered to have a significant  positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy requires taller and tall building proposals to demonstrate high quality design with careful attention paid to materials and details and to the use of  sustainable design and construction methods. The latter in particular links to this objective. It is therefore predicted to have a potential minor positive effect.","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","Criteria F of the policy sets out additional design considerations which apply to taller and tall buildings and this includes the use of sustainable design and construction methods. This relates to this objective and the need to improve resource efficiency.   However, the policy does not explicitly require energy efficiency in design. It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect rather than a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective.  For example, criteria F of the policy relates directly to the need to avoid harmful environmental impacts such as air pollution and promotes the use of sustainable design and construction methods.  Criteria A of the policy also states that tall buildings should be located in close proximity to transport interchanges which could help reduce the need for use of private car which could consequently reduce local air pollution. It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","Criteria F of the policy requires tall building proposals to demonstrate high quality design which is sustainable. This links to the achievement of this objective in a general sense. However, the policy does not mention flooding, surface water or resilience to climate change specifically, which are required by Local Plan Policy  56: High Quality Design. The policy is therefore considered likely to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","Supporting text to the policy states how taller and tall buildings can help optimise the use of land in accommodating the borough's anticipated growth over the coming years.  The policy requires development proposals for taller and tall buildings to enhance the existing streetscape and to ensure its location is accessible to transport interchanges and nearby facilities and services.  This promotes the efficient use of land and buildings and hence the policy is considered to support this objective rather than key sustainability issues.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Criteria F of the policy states that taller or tall building proposals will need to avoid harmful environmental impacts in relation to bird and bat strikes amongst others. This seeks to protect these species and therefore a potential minor positive effect is predicted.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","Criteria F and G of the policy relates to the need to enhance townscapes and landscapes and to protect surrounding public open space, private outdoor space, watercourse and canals from overshadowing from tall buildings.  This supports the achievement of this objective in principle and it is therefore considered that the policy may result in a minor positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective (SA16) and addresses key sustainability issues. Criteria C of the policy states that taller and tall building proposals should contribute positively to their context. This can be particularly challenging in a predominantly low-rise borough like Waltham Forest. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA17) and addresses key sustainability issues. Criteria E of the policy requires taller and tall building proposals to address issues of height and scale with regard to the impact on local and historic context. It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy promotes taller and tall building proposals if they meet the specific policy criteria. If this is achieved than tall buildings can help maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres. As stated in the supporting text to the policy, they can also support legibility at key destinations and become beacons for regeneration to stimulate further investment. It is therefore considered that the policy supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues and may result in a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective.  For example, criteria D requires tall building proposals to demonstrate how they support legibility and high quality placemaking in the local area. tall buildings could address several of the key sustainability issues. Overall, it could potentially result in a significant positive effect on this SA objective.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"SA7: The identified minor positive effect could be enhanced with the addition of low carbon design and by including reference to the supporting Local Plan Policy which specifically relates to zero carbon (Policy 87). \nWe recommend that the policy is enhanced to include energy efficient design and renewable energy generation in greater detail, which will promote the construction of energy efficient tall buildings.  This will strengthen the policy and minor positive effect in relation to the achievement of SA8 and link with Local Plan Policies 87: A zero carbon borough and 89: Sustainable Design and Construction.  \nWith regards to SA11, it is recommended that Policy 56 is referred to in this policy for more specific design considerations relating to flooding and climate change.  This could enhance the potential minor positive effect identified. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential positive significant effects are predicted for SA objectives relating to SA1 (housing), SA4 (improving community cohesion), SA5 (improving accessibility and reducing car use), SA12 (efficient use of land and buildings), SA16 (maintaining local distinctiveness), SA18 (maintain/enhance town centre's vitality and viability) and SA19 (improving the local economy).  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 58 Resid Space Standards","index":61,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Residential Space Standards"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","This policy supports the development of high quality new homes, as internal and external amenity space standards are outlined for a variety of tenures. Built in storage thresholds are also specified, as is the provision of children's play areas. Whilst this may not help to increase the number of homes developed, it should help to ensure that they are of reasonable space standards. Therefore, a minor positive effect has been identified. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy encourages the development of dwellings which overlook children's play spaces and external amenity space, in order to assist with \"passive surveillance\". This could help to reduce the fear of crime and crime within these residential developments, hence an indirect minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy sets minimum space standards for residential developments, which should help to improve the health and wellbeing standards of those living within the borough. Therefore, a minor positive effect has been identified, although it is noted that this is only likely to affect future residential developments. \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Residential Amenity"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing."," \n\nThe policy supports new development and the achievement of this objective (SA1) in principal but its primary purpose is to ensure that new development respects the amenity of its occupiers, neighbours and the surrounding area.  It does not address key sustainability issues and is therefore considered to have a neutral effect.  \n\n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy fully supports development proposals which respect the amenity of its occupiers, neighbours and the surrounding area.\nFor example Part A of the policy criteria states that new development should avoid adverse impacts through overlooking, enclosure and the loss of privacy to adjacent residential properties.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect. \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy fully supports development proposals which respect the amenity of its occupiers, neighbours and the surrounding area.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect. \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues.  For example, criteria C of the policy specifically relates to the storage, collection and disposal of refuse in relation to amenity.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues.  For example, criteria B of the policy requires new development to respect the amenity of its occupiers, neighbours and the surrounding area by avoiding adverse impacts on microclimate conditions, air pollution, odour and noise and vibration and light pollution impact.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues as it promotes the protection of residential amenity which contributes to creating attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect on this objective.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 60 Designing out Crime","index":63,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Designing out Crime "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy aims to improve community safety and cohesion by designing out crime.\nIt promotes the design of new development to create safe environments and reduce crime and disorder.  For example Criteria A of the policy requires all new development to incorporate principles and practises of 'Designing out Crime' and 'Secured by Design'. Criteria C of the policy promotes safer streets and public realm improvements throughout the Borough.  This fully supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy aims to improve community safety and cohesion by designing out crime by working with partners to achieve this and by requiring all new development to incorporate principles and practices which design out crime.  This will improve community cohesion and is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  \n","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy aims to design out crime which will help improve community safety and cohesion.  Criteria B of the policy promotes co-ordinated land uses to minimise the likelihood of an increase in crime and disorder.  This will contribute to the efficient use of land and is therefore predictedd to have a minor positive effect. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy promotes designing out crime and designing in community safety and how the design and layout of the physical environment is key to creating safe environments and reducing crime and disorder.  This will contribute to establishing a strong sense of place to live, work and visit which maintain and improve local distinctiveness.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"\nPotential significant positive effects are predicted for SA2 and SA4 as the policy will help reduce crime and the fear of crime and improve community cohesion.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 61 Advertisements","index":64,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Advertisements, Hoardings and Signage "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","\nCriteria F of the policy supports the health of residents by preventing light pollution on neighbouring homes from advertisements.  However, overall, the policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  No potential impact pathway is identified and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy requires that proposals for advertisements do not prevent ease of pedestrian access, or decrease public or highway safety.  However, overall a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it seeks to ensure that proposals for advertisements do not negatively impact the local area and that they do not visually clutter the surrounding streetscape.  These actions plus the fact that advertisements may contribute to the vitality of the town centre will support this SA objective.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy promotes the suitable placement of advertisements and hoardings which could support businesses and new employment site opportunities within the borough and supports the achievement of this objective and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None.  "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None.  "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Promoting Sustainable Transport "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective and addresses some of the key sustainability issues as it advocates development which creates safe neighbourhood environments.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy aims to promote sustainable transport and liveable neighbourhoods which are more attractive, accessible, healthy and safe streets, places and neighbourhoods for all residents in the borough.  The policy requires all new development to increase the number of trips made by walking and cycling and prioritise road space to do this.  It also requires new development to provide legible, prominent and coherent wayfinding for walking and cycling to strategic and local active travel networks as well as green spaces. A potential significant positive effect is therefore predicted. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","One of the key sustainability issues for this objective is to help support development of successful neighbourhoods. This policy promotes development that supports the delivery of vibrant, healthy and liveable neighbourhoods and is therefore predicted to have a potential minor positive effect.  \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy promotes sustainable transport and requires new developments to increase the number of trips made by walking, cycling and public transport, and improve local connections to these modes and to ensure that neighbourhoods have good connections to public transport.  It also supports car club development and cycle hire facilities.  These exemplify how the policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and is predicted to have a potential significant positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes the increase in number of trips made by walking, cycling and public transport which is likely to have an indirect minor positive effect on greenhouse gas emissions by reducing emissions to air from transport.  It also supports other transport initiatives such as electric vehicle and charging infrastructure and is therefore considered to have a potential minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","Criteria xi of the policy requires that new development must improve air quality and noise pollution by promoting sustainable transport initiatives; and reducing Nitrogen Oxide emissions and exposure of vulnerable people to air pollution. It is therefore predicted to have a potential significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","One of the policy criteria is for new development to improve the quality and resilience of the public realm, ensuring accessible and adaptable public space for people and activities for people from all walks of life.  This demonstrates how the policy supports the achievement of this objective and is therefore considered to have a potential  minor positive effect.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy aims to create liveable neighbourhoods for everyone which contribute towards enhancing streets to meet Healthy Streets across the public realm in the borough.  It therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses all relevant key sustainability issues and is considered to have a potential significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"\nSignificant positive effects are considered for SA objectives 1, 3-5, 9 and 16 as the policy provides relevant criteria which will help contribute towards the achievement of these objectives.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 63 Active Travel","index":66,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Active Travel"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it expects development to provide accessible, secure and convenient cycle parking for all users, located in prominent locations.  It is therefore considered to have an indirect  minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy promotes active travel throughout the borough, specifically, walking and cycling. It therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues and is predicted to have a potential significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","One of the key sustainability issues for this objective is to help support development of successful neighbourhoods. This exemplifies how this policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and is predicted to have a significant positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy promotes walking and cycling and improved accessibility by foot and cycle within neighbourhoods.  It is therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues and is predicted to have a significant positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy requires development to enhance walking opportunities and to maximise opportunities for people to travel by foot, bike or public transport which will contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes walking and cycling and therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses some key sustainability issues.  It is predicted therefore to have a minor positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy promotes the increase in walking and cycling which will improve air quality  and consequently there could be a minor positive indirect effect on habitats and biodiversity in the borough as a result.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. The policy could potentially increase recreation on Epping Forest and Lee Valley if networks link up with these sites, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy expects development where appropriate to promote walking and cycling and to contribute towards the delivery of Liveable Neighbourhoods.  It also promotes improvements to public realm and the provision of prominent wayfinding  to local and London cycle and walking networks.   It therefore supports the achievement of this objective and addresses some key sustainability issues and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy promotes walking and cycling and how these can contribute towards the delivery of Liveable Neighbourhoods.  This supports the achievement of this objective as the policy contributes towards the enhancement of the borough's town centres.  It is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"This policy promotes walking and cycling and is therefore considered to have significant positive effects on SA objectives: 3-5 which relate to health and wellbeing and improving accessibility.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 64 Public Tran","index":67,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[28,1,28,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Public Transport "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy promotes active travel modes such as walking and cycling which if implemented will promote healthy lifestyles.  Therefore a potential minor positive effect is predicted.  \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy aims to support and enhance public transport connectivity across the borough which will help support development of successful neighbourhoods, a key sustainability issue.  Consequently , it is considered to support the achievement of this objective and address some relevant key sustainability issues and therefore to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy promotes public transport improvements and requires all development to support, protect and enhance existing and proposed public transport infrastructure (Bus, National Rail, Underground, or Overground network) and its connectivity across\nthe borough. It therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues and is considered to have a significant positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy requires that development should support, protect and enhance existing and proposed public transport connectivity across the borough.  This will contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes public transport which will reduce reliance on the use of private car and could consequently reduce impacts on air quality.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy promotes the use of public transport increase which will improve air quality  and consequently there could be a minor positive indirect effect on habitats and biodiversity in the borough as a result.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy promotes the use of public transport which will improve air quality and consequently could contribute to a minor positive indirect effect on European sites as Epping Forest SAC is under threat due to poor air quality. However, a likely significant effect has been identified in relation to this policy in the Regulation 19 HRA screening because infrastructure developments could potentially cause temporary air quality impacts through construction. The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites but has not yet been concluded pending the findings of an ongoing air quality assessment. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","A significant positive effect is likely in relation to this objective as the policy states that development should support and enhance public transport connectivity across the borough which will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the Borough's town centre.  For example, the policy requires major development to contribute to the delivery of new rail, underground or overground infrastructure and improve local bus networks.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy is likely to contribute to the achievement of this objective as public transport and enhanced public transport will help improve access to employment opportunities and encourage economic growth as well as maintaining stable levels of employment in the Borough.  It is therefore considered to contribute a significant positive effect to helping maintain stable levels of employment.    \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"\nSignificant positive effects are predicted for SA objectives 5, 18 and 20. The policy promotes public transport and therefore fully supports the achievement of these objectives and key sustainability issues.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 65 Develop&Trans Impacts","index":68,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Development and Transport Impacts "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","This is an overarching transport policy that sets out the documentation to be submitted with new development proposals, to be prepared in line with current best practice guidance e.g. Transport Assessment, site Travel Plan and Construction Logistics Plan (CLP).  It is therefore considered that the policy supports the objective and relevant key sustainability issues and is likely to achieve a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses some key sustainability issues as its purpose it to assess, mitigate and monitor transport impacts of development.  It is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy requires development proposals to set out clearly how the development will encourage walking and cycling and the use of public transport.  This will improve air quality  and consequently there could be a minor positive indirect effect on habitats and biodiversity in the borough as a result.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy promotes the use of public transport and encourages walking and cycling which will improve air quality.  Consequently there could be a minor positive indirect effect on European sites as Epping Forest SAC is under threat due to poor air quality.   ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports the principle of this objective (SA19) as it permits development \nthat effectively assesses the impact of development and details how the development will enable walking, cycling and public transport use.  This links to maintaining and enhancing the vitality of the Borough's town centres and is therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Significant positive effects are predicted for SA objectives 5 and 9 which relate to improving accessibility and reducing air quality which the policy promotes.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 66 Freight & Serv","index":69,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Deliveries Freight and Servicing "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy states that development should manage road danger resulting from freight and servicing vehicles and promotes the use of the safest vehicles and to ensure that construction traffic uses the safest routes to and from the development.  This will have a minor positive effect on the safety of road users including cyclists and pedestrians.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy requires development proposals to include where appropriate facilities and measures to reduce waste collection trips, such as consolidated waste collection for businesses, and underground waste storage.  It is therefore considered to support the achievement of this objective and addresses some key sustainability issues and consequently is predicted to have a minor positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it aims to minimise the adverse impacts of freight and servicing and minimise impacts on local transport networks.  For example by reducing the number of freight, servicing and delivery trips to and from development at the construction and operational phases.  Furthermore, in Criteria A of the policy it promotes the use of sustainable transport initiatives and zero carbon emission vehciles such as cargo bikes and electric vehicles for servicing trips and last mile deliveries.   It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective and addresses some key sustainability issues as it aims to minimise the adverse impacts of freight and servicing and minimise impacts on local transport networks.  In Criteria A of the policy it promotes the use of sustainable transport initiatives and zero carbon emission vehicles such as cargo bikes and electric vehicles which will help reduce pollution from road vehicles. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy requires development proposals to reduce the number of freight and servicing vehicles to and from the development site.  This should improve air quality  and consequently there could be a minor positive indirect effect on habitats and biodiversity in the borough as a result.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA screening of this policy has not identified a likely significant effect could result form it. A neutral effect is therefore identified. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy states that all development should operate facilities and measures to reduce waste collection trips such as consolidated waste collection for businesses and underground waste storage.  This policy is predicted to have a neutral effect on this SA objective. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effect in relation to SA9 improving air quality.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 67 Cons. Logistics Plan","index":70,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Construction Logistic Plans (CLPs)"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy requires that all development proposals provide an outline Construction Logistics Plan as part of the planning process which ensures that construction traffic uses the safest route to the site that avoid areas with levels of vulnerable road users i.e. schools, cyclist and pedestrians.  It also requires construction traffic to minimise manoeuvres that place other road users at risk and to ensure that the utilisation of the safest vehicles are used.  This will have a minor positive effect on the safety of road users including cyclists and pedestrians.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy will help to support the achievement of this objective as it requires all residential and commerical development to enable efficient and sustainable servicing and deliveries as well as reducing construction traffic and manoeuvres in the main roads.  This should minimise impacts on local transport networks and help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.  Therefore a potential minor positive effect has been predicted.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy requires that all residential and commercial development should enable efficient and sustainable servicing and deliveries and that development where appropriate should provide an outline Construction Logistics Plan as part of the planning process.  When applied this will help reduce the volume of construction freight and potentially shift road based deliveries towards other modes such as rail and water based modes. This will reduce pollution from construction vehicles using the road and help improve air quality.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None."]

{"sheet":"Policy 68 Manag Vehicle Traffic","index":71,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Managing Vehicle Travel Traffic "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy requires that all new residential developments are car-free which will improve air quality and the health and wellbeing of those who live in the borough. It can also increase physical activity.  The policy also promotes car clubs in new development which encourages residents to walk, cycle or take public transport.  It is therefore considered to fully support the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues and to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy requires that all new residential developments are promotes car-free and promotes low-car developments including car clubs and where parking is provided there is a number of policy criteria the development is expected to meet e.g. to submit a car parking management plan.  The policy encourages effective management of vehicle use and the need to reduce private car travel.  It is therefore considered to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy requires that all new residential developments are car free and requires all operational vehicles to be electric vehicles. It promotes the use of sustainable transport modes and thereby reduce CO2 emissions which supports the achievement of this objective and therefore a potential significant positive effect is predicted.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy sets out criteria for effectively managing car use and private car travel which will bring improved air quality and decreased local congestion.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA3, SA7 and SA9 as the policy encourages residents to reduce the need to use private car which will have health and wellbeing effects as well as improve air quality and local congestion.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 69 Electric Vehicles","index":72,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Electric Vehicles "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy promotes the use of electric vehicles which help reduce greenhouse gases and improve air quality.  This will contribute towards improving the standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough if these vehicles are used as it will help reduce air pollution from vehicle emissions.  It is therefore considered to have the potential to achieve an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","All new development in the borough is expected to minimise vehicle travel.  The policy promotes the use of electric cars and Criteria C of the policy refers to incentivising ownership and use of electric cars and permitting only electric cars at new development.  This will help reduce car use and is therefore considered to have the potential to achieve an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes the use of electric cars where the development provides car parking or increased vehicles on borough's roads and requires for example, new development to provide infrastructure for electric vehicle charging.   This will help reduce air quality emissions in the borough and is therefore considered to have potential to achieve a significant positive effect.  \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues as an accelerated up take of electric vehicles and ultra-low emission vehicles will help reduce air quality in the borough.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA7 and SA9 as the policy promotes the use of electric cars and minimal use of vehicle travel which will have positive health and wellbeing effects as well as improve air quality in the borough.  "]

{"sheet":" Policy 70 Utilities Infrastruc","index":73,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Utilities Infrastructure "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","A minor positive effect is likely in relation to SA1 as the policy requires all major development proposals to carry out early preapplication engagement with infrastructure providers to demonstrate there is sufficient capacity to support the development from commencement.  This will ensure the provision of adequate infrastructure to support the development and help to create a high quality places to live.  \n\n","Indirect","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  \n\n","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy requires that utility infrastructure and connections must be designed into the development from the outset wherever possible.  This supports some of the relevant sustainability issues such as the development of successful neighbourhoods and the delivery of vital infrastructure.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  \n\n\n","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","A minor positive effect is likely for this policy as it states that as a minimum developers should identify and plan for 'heating and cooling demand and the viability of its provision via decentralised energy (DE) networks'.  The policy therefore promotes a low carbon heat network.  \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","A minor positive effect is likely for this policy as it states that as a minimum developers should identify and plan for 'heating and cooling demand and the viability of its provision via decentralised energy (DE) networks'.  The policy therefore promotes a low carbon heat network.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  \n\n","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","Both policies seek to ensure that all new development facilitate sustainable growth in the Borough, but effects from utilities and digital infrastructure in terms of maintaining and improving local distinctiveness are unlikely to be significant.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","A minor positive effect is likely in relation to this SA objective as the proposed approach for this policy is to ensure all new developments incorporate sufficient infrastructure and connections in the early design stages of the development which will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the Borough's town centre.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  \n\n\n","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"For SA3 and SA4, the policies could identify an enhancement measure to address social isolation to ensure that there are adequate community meeting places available and good public realm design to encourage social interaction.  "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A significant positive effect is predicted for SA20 as a result of digital policy in particular which will support existing businesses and encourage new investment.  "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Utilities and Digital Infrastructure "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","A minor positive effect is likely in relation to SA1 as the proposed approach for the policy towards the provision of new dwellings and high quality places to live is to ensure all new developments incorporate sufficient digital infrastructure and connections in the early design stages of the development. \n","Indirect","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","\nThe policy promotes the importance of the delivery of high quality future digital connectivity and how the siting and appearance of digital infrastructure should be designed to minimise impacts on amenity and to be as unobtrusive as possible.  \nThe increase in improved digital connectivity will have positive effects on health and well being as it is likely to improve communications on a local and wider geographical scale.  Increasing online communication can also increase social isolation, however, it is considered that the overall effect of this policy with regards to this SA objective will be minor positive.   ","Indirect","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy seeks to provide supporting digital infrastructure for the benefit of the community and will contribute to achieving the social, educational and cultural needs of this SA objective (SA4).  It also supports some of the relevant sustainability issues e.g. 'need to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure'.  It is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","\nIncreased telecommunications and digital connectivity can have positive impacts on reducing car use.  The policy is likely to support a reduction in car use through enabling supporting infrastructure to allow people to work from home and so is predicted to have a minor positive effect on this aspect of the SA objective. \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy could help reduce travel and reduce carbon emissions as it allows people to work remotely from home or more locally.  It is therefore predicted to have a potential minor positive effect.  \n\n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy could help reduce travel and reduce carbon emissions as it allows people to work remotely from home or more locally.  It is therefore predicted to have a potential minor positive effect.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy could help reduce travel and reduce carbon emissions as it allows people to work remotely from home or more locally.  It is therefore predicted to have a potential minor positive effect.  \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  No potential impact pathway is identified and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.\n","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","Both policies seek to ensure that all new development facilitate sustainable growth in the Borough, but effects from utilities and digital infrastructure in terms of maintaining and improving local distinctiveness are unlikely to be significant.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","A minor positive effect is likely in relation to this SA objective as the proposed approach for this policy is to ensure all new major developments incorporate sufficient digital infrastructure and connections in the early design stages of the development which will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the Borough's town centre.  ","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy is likely to contribute to SA20 as improved digital infrastructure will help create new employment opportunities which is likely to encourage economic growth as well as maintaining stable levels of employment in the Borough. The policy will support existing businesses and new investment and is considered would contribute to a potential significant positive effect to helping maintain stable levels of employment.    \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"For SA3 and SA4, the policy could identify an enhancement measure to address social isolation to ensure that there are adequate community meeting places available and good public realm design to encourage social interaction.  "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A significant positive effect is predicted for SA20 as a result of digital policy in particular which will support existing businesses and encourage new investment.  "]

{"sheet":"Policies 72 Desi Heritage  ","index":75,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Designated Heritage Assets and Conservation Areas"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing."," \nThe policies support new development and the achievement of this objective (SA1) in principal but their primary purpose is to protect, conserve and enhance designated heritage assets and Conservation Areas in Waltham Forest and consequently may result in a negative effect on housing delivery in some places.  For example, the need for new development including housing may result in the harm or loss of a designated heritage asset if it can be demonstrated that the harm or loss is necessary to achieve substantial public benefits.  Overall, the policy appears to conflict with the achievement of this objective if a proposed housing development was restricted or prevented on the basis of heritage considerations. A minor positive effect is therefore identified.\n\n","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","National/ High","Minor Negative",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","Indirect","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Attractive historic environments provide a strong sense of place and local distinctiveness which make the Borough an attractive place to live, work and visit. \nThe policies recognise this and consequently supports the achievement of this objective (SA3) generally, as the primary purpose of the policies is to protect designated and non-designated heritage assets which indirectly will contribute to improving standard of health and well being of those who live and work in the Borough.  However, the policies do not address all the key sustainability issues and therefore may only have a minor positive effect for this reason.    \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The Borough has a rich and diverse heritage which gives it a distinct character.  Promoting the rich heritage and continuing community interest in the conservation and preservation of the local heritage assets is likely to provide opportunities for local people to be involved in the restoration and enhancement of the heritage assets which in turn is likely to improve community cohesion.  The policy seeks to protect, enhance and conserve heritage assets which will help to continue and increase the local/community interest in their cultural heritage, particularly the assets which are of local interest and value.  It is therefore predicted that this policy could have a minor positive effect on this objective SA4 for these reasons. \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","Indirect","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","\nThe policy makes clear that development that leads to substantial harm to or total loss of a heritage asset will be permitted if the following criteria/certain specific criteria apply as listed below as they all link to the purpose of the SA objective (SA12) which is to ensure the efficient use of land and buildings:\n'I. the nature of the heritage assets prevents all reasonable uses of the site; and\nii. no viable use of the heritage asset itself can be found in the medium term through appropriate marketing that will enable its conservation; and\niv. the harm or loss is outweighed by the benefit of bringing the site back into use'. \n\nThe policy does not address the key sustainability issues as they are not relevant/specific to heritage assets, but it does support the achievement of the objective overall and therefore may result in minor positive effects.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","\nThe policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy aims to protect, enhance and conserve Waltham Forest's unique and rich heritage, identity and sense of place which all link directly to the SA objective (SA16) maintaining and improving local distinctiveness.   It fully supports the achievement of this objective as well as addressing some key sustainability issues and are therefore considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy relates directly to the protection, conservation and enhancement of the Borough's designated and non-designated heritage assets and fully supports the achievement of this objective and all relevant key sustainability issues. This is positive, however, as the policy allows for some harm i.e. loss of a designated heritage asset then the overall effect could be uncertain. \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","National/ High","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy aims to protect and enhance the Borough's history, identity and sense of place.  This supports the achievement of this objective (SA18) and the policy also supports the key sustainability issue as it promotes and permits development which secures optimum viable use of a site along with development which enhances the character or appearance i.e. the vitality of the area.  Consequently, it is considered to have a significant positive effect if new development achieves the policy objectives and this sustainability objective.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. "," The policy permits development including employment development in 'appropriate places'  if it does not lead to substantial loss or harm of a designated asset and their setting unless it can be demonstrated that substantial public benefits outweigh the harm or loss.  The policy supports the principle of this objective (SA19) as they permit development including employment development in 'appropriate places'  It does  not specifically address key sustainability issues and therefore could result in a minor positive effect.","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA17: as the policy allows for some harm i.e. loss of a designated heritage asset then there is uncertainty over whether it fully supports this SA objective. If the policy did not allow harm to heritage assets this would remove the uncertainty identified. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant negative effect is predicted for SA1 as a result of new development if it can be demonstrated that the harm or loss of a designated heritage asset to accommodate new housing is necessary to achieve substantial public benefits.\n\nA potential significant positive effect is predicted for SA18 as the Council will permit development which 'preserves or enhances the character or appearance of the area'.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 73 List Buil","index":76,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Listed Buildings "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy relates directly to the protection of Listed Buildings and their settings rather than promoting new housing development so appears to conflict with the achievement of this SA objective. However, the policy does support proposals for the change of use of a Listed Building if it can be demonstrated that the proposed use is of the optimum viable use, which causes the least harm to the significance of the building and its setting and secures its long term viability.  This could allow for new housing.  Furthermore, the supporting text of the policy also states loss/substantial demolition of a Listed Building will not be permitted unless the Council is satisfied that every possible alternative approach for restoration, conversion or re-use has been thoroughly explored.  This shows that the policy does allow for new development if it fulfils policy criteria so may have some positive benefits.\nUltimately, the policy conflicts with the achievement of this objective as it seeks to protect Listed Buildings from inappropriate development, harm or loss and it does not address relevant key sustainability issues. It is therefore predicted to have a minor negative effect overall.\n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","National/ High","Minor Negative",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Attractive historic environments provide a strong sense of place and local distinctiveness which make the Borough an attractive place to live, work and visit. \nThe supporting text to the policy recognises this and consequently supports the achievement of this objective (SA3) generally, as the primary purpose of the policy is to protect Listed Buildings and their settings which contribute to improving standard of health and well being of those who live and work in the Borough.  However, the policy does not address relevant key sustainability issues and therefore may only have a minor positive effect for this reason.    \n\n\n","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The Borough has a rich and diverse heritage which gives it a distinct character.  Promoting the rich heritage and continuing community interest in the conservation and preservation of the local heritage assets including Listed Buildings is likely to provide opportunities for local people to be involved in the restoration and enhancement of the heritage assets which in turn is likely to improve community cohesion.  This policy seeks to protect, enhance and conserve Listed Buildings and their settings which will help to continue and increase the local/community interest in their cultural heritage.  It is therefore predicted that this policy could have a minor positive effect on this objective SA4 for these reasons. \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","N/A","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  No potential impact pathway is identified and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA12) as it allows for example, extensions to Listed Buildings and new development within the curtilage of Listed Buildings, which ensure the efficient use of land and buildings.  \n\nOverall, the policy does not address the key sustainability issues as they are not relevant/specific to heritage assets, but it does support the achievement of the objective overall and therefore may result in a minor positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy seeks to protect Listed Buildings and their settings.  The specific policy criteria make clear the importance of maintaining and improving local distinctiveness through for example, the reinstatement of historic building features and the respecting the setting of nearby buildings. The policy further states how this work should be carried out using traditional, historic or original material, employing specialist advice and craftmanship.  It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and would address all relevant key sustainability issues.  For example, the policy states that all proposals for Listed Buildings should seek to conserve and enhance significance by retaining, repairing and (where appropriate) reinstate historic features and fabric.   It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","National/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports the change of use of a Listed Building to a more viable use if it can be demonstrated that the proposed use causes the least harm to the significance of the building and its setting and secures its long term viability.  This is likely to contribute towards SA18 and the enhancement of the vitality and viability of the Borough's town centres and would address the key sustainability issue and for this reason is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","Criteria B of the policy states that work involving the reinstatement of historic building elements should be carried out by employing specialist advice and craftmanship.  This promotes the use of specialist craftsman and conservation builders and is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive impact on employment in this specialist skill area. \n  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA16 is predicted to have significant positive effects as the reinstatement of historic features and respecting the setting of nearby buildings will help maintain and improve local distinctiveness.  \nSA17 is predicted to have a significant positive effect as the policy states that all proposals for Listed Buildings should seek to conserve and enhance significance by retaining, repairing and (where appropriate) reinstate historic features and fabric.  This supports the aim of the SA objective.  \n"]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Conservation Areas "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy relates directly to preserving or enhancing the borough's Conservation Areas rather than promoting new housing development so appears to conflict with the achievement of this SA objective. However, the policy does permit demolition of any building in a Conservation Area where it is justified in accordance with national policy.  This could allow for new housing.  \nUltimately, the policy conflicts with the achievement of this objective as it seeks to protect Conservation Areas and it does not address relevant key sustainability issues. It is therefore predicted to have a minor negative effect overall.\n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","National/ High","Minor Negative",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Attractive historic environments including trees which contribute to the character of the Conservation Area provide a strong sense of place and local distinctiveness which make the Borough an attractive place to live, work and visit. \nThe policy recognises this and consequently supports the achievement of this objective (SA3) generally, as the primary purpose of the policy is to protect Conservation Areas which contribute to improving standard of health and well being of those who live and work in the Borough.  However, the policy does not address relevant key sustainability issues and therefore may only have a minor positive effect for this reason.    \n\n\n","Indirect","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The Borough has a rich and diverse heritage which gives it a distinct character.  Promoting the rich heritage and continuing community interest in the conservation and preservation of the borough's Conservation Areas is likely to provide opportunities for local people to be involved in the conservation and enhancement of them which in turn is likely to improve community cohesion.  It is therefore predicted that this policy could have a minor positive effect on this objective SA4 for these reasons. \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","N/A","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  No potential impact pathway is identified and therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA12) as it permits development which preserves or enhances the character or appearance of the area, which will contribute to the efficient use of land and buildings.  \n\nOverall, the policy does not address the key sustainability issues as they are not relevant/specific to Conservation Areas, but it does support the achievement of the objective overall and therefore may result in a minor positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy seeks to preserve or enhance the borough's Conservation Areas recognising their special character and historic significance.  It also supports the designation (where appropriate and with public consultation) of new Conservation Areas in the borough.  It will therefore contribute to the achievement of this objective and is considered to have a significant positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective as it seeks to conserve or enhance the borough's Conservation Areas.   It is therefore considered to have a significant positive effect.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","National/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy permits the demolition of any building in a Conservation Area where it is justified by national policy.  This is likely to contribute towards SA18 and the enhancement of the vitality and viability of the Borough's town centres and would address the key sustainability issue and for this reason is considered to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA16 is predicted to have significant positive effects as the reinstatement of historic features and respecting the setting of nearby buildings will help maintain and improve local distinctiveness.  \nSA17 is predicted to have a significant positive effect as the policy states that all proposals for Listed Buildings should seek to conserve and enhance significance by retaining, repairing and (where appropriate) reinstate historic features and fabric.  This supports the aim of the SA objective.  \n"]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Archaeological Assets and Archaeological Priority Zones"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy supports investigations of non-designated heritage assets of archaeological interest that hold or potentially hold evidence of past human activity.  The policy also seeks to protect the remains of archaeological importance which form part of the local history of the Borough and appears to support the achievement of this objective by maintaining local distinctiveness.  It includes preserving the asset and its setting.  However, the policy does allow for the loss of an archaeological asset if it is justified in accordance with national policy.","Indirect","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","National/ High","Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","Archaeology is an important way in which greater knowledge about the history of the Borough can be discovered.  The policy seeks to protect, preserve and, where appropriate better reveal, remains of archaeological importance in accordance with this objective but it also works against the achievement of this objective as it allows the loss of assets if it is justified in accordance with national policy.  The objective relates directly to the historic 'built' environment rather than the historic environment generally which would include archaeology so it is considered to have a minor negative effect on the local historic environment rather than a potentially significant negative effect.","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","National/ High","Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 76 NonDesignat Heritage","index":79,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Non-Designated Heritage Assets "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","\n\nThe policy supports development proposals which are sympathetic towards the  retention, sympathetic maintenance and enhancement of non-designated heritage assets and therefore supports the achievement of this objective in principle.  However, the primary aim of the policy is to protect and conserve non-designated heritage assets that may be buildings, other structures or features and historic areas not designated in legislation.  For example, the need for new development including housing may result in the substantial harm and complete loss of non-designated heritage assets.  Criteria B of the policy makes clear that this loss will not be supported.  The policy therefore conflicts with the achievement of this objective as it seeks to protect non-designated heritage assets from substantial loss or complete harm.  It is therefore predicted that it could have a minor negative effect on this SA Objective and housing delivery.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ High","Minor Negative",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","Local/ High","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Attractive historic environments provide a strong sense of place and local distinctiveness which make the borough an attractive place to live, work and visit. \nThe policy seeks to protect, retain and enhance non-designated heritage assets that contribute to making the borough an attractive place to live, work and visit.  It is therefore considered that the protection of these assets will contribute to the health and wellbeing aspects of this objective (SA3).  The policy appears to indirectly support the achievement of this objective generally, but it does not address relevant sub-objectives and therefore may only have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The borough has a rich and diverse heritage which gives it a distinct character.  \nLocally Listed Buildings and other non-designated heritage assets are likely to provide opportunities for local people to be involved in the restoration and enhancement of these heritage assets which in turn is likely to improve community cohesion.  This policy seeks to protect, enhance and retain non-designated heritage assets which will help to continue and increase the local/community interest in their cultural heritage as well as contributing towards educational, recreational and social needs.  \n\nThe policy appears to indirectly supports the achievement of this objective generally, but it does not address key sustainability issues and is therefore predicted to have a neutral effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA12) by ensuring the efficient use of land and buildings as it allows for example, sympathetic maintenance to non-designated heritage assets.  \nIt does not however, address the sub-objectives as they are not relevant/specific to heritage assets, and is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","Non-designated heritage assets under this policy include other features and historic areas not designated in legislation.  This could include Parks and Gardens of Local Historic Interest' and the policy makes it clear that the Council will seek to protect and retain these assets and encourage their sympathetic maintenance and enhancement. \nThe policy therefore supports the achievement of this objective (SA15) in principle and is considered to have a minor positive effect.  It does not fully address the SA Objective or the key sustainability issues which is why the effect is predicted to be minor positive rather than a significant positive effect.   ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy protects non-designated heritage assets and it states how there will be a strong presumption in favour of their retention and sympathetic maintenance and enhancement.  This demonstrates how the policy supports the achievement of this objective (SA16) and addresses the relevant key sustainability issues and is therefore predicted to have a potentially significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective (SA17) and all relevant key sustainability issues and is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  It makes it clear how proposals to alter or extend an asset should ensure the character and setting of the building or asset is maintained or enhanced and that any proposals which would involve the demolition of, or drastic alterations to these properties is resisted.  ","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy seeks to protect non-designated heritage assets and states how the Council will not support substantial harm and complete loss of any.  This policy has the potential to support this SA objective through contributing to local character. However, overall it is considered that the policy neither supports nor detracts significantly from the achievement of this SA objective and therefore a neutral effect is identified. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None"]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None"]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Significant positive effects are predicted for SA16 and SA17 as the policy will maintain and improve local distinctiveness and seeks to ensure that the historic built environment is conserved and enhanced.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 77 Locally Listed Build.","index":80,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Locally-Listed Buildings "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy relates directly to the protection of Locally-Listed Buildings rather than promoting new housing development so appears to conflict with the achievement of this SA objective. However, the policy does allow for alterations or extensions to existing locally listed buildings as long as they achieve a high standard of design and pay close attention to the special interest of the locally listed building and its setting.  \nThis could allow for new housing and therefore a neutral effect is predicted overall. \n\n\n","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Criteria A of the policy states how the Council seek to protect and retain locally listed buildings including all parks and landscaped public gardens, recognising the architectural and historic interest that makes them significant to the borough.  Protecting historic environments helps retain a strong sense of place and local distinctiveness which makes the borough an attractive place to live, work and visit.  By protecting the locally-listed buildings the policy will contribute to improving the standard health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough. However, the policy does not address relevant key sustainability issues and therefore may only have an indirect minor positive effect for this reason.   \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports the achievement of this objective as it allows for alterations or extensions to Locally Listed Buildings which ensures the efficient use of buildings.  \nOverall, the policy does not address the key sustainability issues as they are not relevant/specific to heritage assets, but it does support the achievement of the objective overall and therefore may result in a minor positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy seeks to retain all parks and landscaped public gardens which will help maintain open spaces in the borough and is therefore predicted to reuslt in a significant positive effect.\n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy seeks to protect and retain locally listed buildings, parks and landscaped public gardens, recognising their architectural and historic interest that makes them significant to the borough.  Any alterations or extensions to locally listed buildings will be expected to achieve a high standard of design, paying close attention to the special interest of the locally listed building and its setting.  Similarly development proposals should demonstrate that there will be no adverse impacts to the setting or visual appearance of historic parks and gardens.  These requirements will contribute to maintaining and improving local distinctiveness and preserving local character and history.  The policy supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues and is therefore predicted to result in a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy seeks to protect and retain locally listed buildings, recognising their architectural and historic interest that makes them significant to the borough.  Total loss of locally listed buildings will be strongly resisted.  This exemplifies how the policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and some key sustainability issues and is therefore predicted to result in a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA16 and SA17 as the policy will contribute to maintaining local distinctiveness and preserving the historic environment.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 78 Highams Area of SC","index":81,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Highams Area of Special Character "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy seeks to protect the Highams Area of Special Character and any development proposals will be expected to pay close attention to the area’s defined character, making use of appropriate materials.  This will contribute to maintaining and improving local distinctiveness and help conserve local character.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy protects the Highams Area of Special Character which has local architectural and historic significance and any development proposals will be expected to pay close attention to the area’s defined character.  This will contribute to conserving and enhancing the historic built environment within the Highams Area of Special Character and some key sustainability issues.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect has been predicted for SA17 as the policy seeks to protect the Highams Area of Special Character which has local architectural and historic significance and any development proposals will be expected to pay close attention to the area’s defined character."]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Green Infrastructure and the Natural Environment"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The implementation of this policy has potential to cause a minor, indirect positive effect on this SA objective. Whilst it does not explicitly deal with standard of health or wellbeing, the protection and expanded provision of green space including planting of trees could help to ensure all have access to green space. This could help to improve both physical and mental health of those living and working in the Borough, who use the Green Belt, Metropolitan Open Land or green spaces. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The implementation of this policy has potential to cause a minor positive effect on this SA objective. By ensuring the provision of high quality green space is maintained, the recreational needs of those living and/or working within the borough are more likely to be met. However, this policy will not address community cohesion within the Borough or the provision of cultural or education needs. Therefore, a minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","This policy has the potential for a minor positive effect on this SA objective. Through the improvement of local pedestrian and cycle routes through Green Belt and MOL areas, sustainable transport options throughout the Borough to local facilities and services may be improved. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes urban greening which as stated in the supporting policy text will deliver benefits in supporting biodiversity and mitigating against the impacts of climate change and pollution.  This could contribute to the achievement of the SA objective, therefore a potential indirect positive effect is predicted.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","This policy has the potential for an indirect minor positive effect on this SA objective. This policy aims to keep existing green spaces, as well as developing a green infrastructure network. This will in turn provide more sustainable methods of transport for those travelling within and through the Borough. This could enhance air quality due to an increase in vegetation as well as an increase in sustainable transport methods, such as walking or cycling. However, the magnitude of this impact is expected to be low, as only new developments must consider this.","Indirect","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","This policy has the potential for an indirect minor positive effect on this SA objective. By encouraging the redevelopment of brownfield sites, greenfield land may be protected and land used in the most efficient ways possible. Geological sites are not protected by this policy. For this reason, a minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","This policy has potential to protect biodiversity sites and the local environment, as existing spaces and biodiversity levels are encouraged to be both maintained and improved by any future development. Moreover, new green spaces are encouraged which are of high quality, and where not possible, “financial contributions will be sought.”. A minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective, as this policy does not address resilience to climate change. ","Direct","Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites. This policy could potentially decrease recreational pressures to European sites, however, it is screened into the HRA because it also encourages connectivity of green infrastructure which could improve access to and present a risk of damage to European Sites. The HRA has not yet been concluded in respect of potential recreational effects. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","This policy directly refers to the Green Belt and Metropolitan Open Land (MOL), detailing the criteria which development on this land must meet. However, this policy does not entirely rule out future development within the Green Belt and instead relies on \"national policy and the London Plan\" to prevent development within the area. Therefore an uncertain effect is identified. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The implementation of this policy could potentially aid in maintaining local distinctiveness. The existing Green Belt, Metropolitan Open Land (MOL), green space and green infrastructure network could all be protected from development. This may, in turn, help to conserve the current sense of place within Waltham Forest. Hence, a minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded.\nSA15: The potential for a significant negative effect on SA 15 could arise due to a lack of clear criteria setting out which circumstances development could be permitted under; this could result in the permanent loss of greenfield and Green Belt land, which could not be mitigated. Currently, the London Plan, which this policy appears to rely on for deciding development, will allow it if the development fits the Local Plan policies. This could lead to confusion as well as the development of areas which are not best suited, or could which be irreversibly changed. Clearly stating the other policies to which this policy refers would add clarity to the policy and could prevent the permanent loss of greenfield and Green Belt land.  "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant negative effect was identified for SA15: Green belt and open Space.\nThis was due to the lack of specific guidance on cases where development of Green Belt land would be permitted. Instead, this policy relies on the NPPF and London Plan to decide if development would be permitted. This takes control over development away from Waltham Forest. Whilst some development would be halted by the NPPF and London Plan, there are caveats, meaning Green Belt land could ultimately be developed. This would result in the permanent and irreversible loss of Green Belt land, thus a significant positive effect has been identified. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 80 OpenSpaSpoRec","index":83,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Parks, Open Spaces, Sport and Recreation"]
[null,"Assumptions:","\"Open Space\" has been assumed to be referring to outside space which is open to the public, containing grass, trees and/or other vegetation. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The implementation of this policy has the potential to protect existing parks and open spaces and enhance access to leisure, sporting activity  and recreation spaces across the borough.  New developments will be required to ensure adequate indoor and  outdoor facilities for all ages groups of the community . This could help to promote healthy lifestyles, both in terms of physical and mental health for those using these spaces. Hence, a minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Indirect","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The implementation of this policy has the potential to protect and enhance sports and recreational facilities within Waltham Forest. New developments will be required to ensure adequate outdoor facilities are provided upon plan proposals and development will not be permitted without a clear maintenance plan for these spaces. Ancillary facilities, such as cafes, toilets and baby changing facilities will also be encouraged. This should ensure that these community facilities are adequate for the current and future population of the Borough. Hence, a minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Criteria C of the policy makes clear that proposals must demonstrate that there are no adverse impacts to the ecological value of open spaces.  The implementation of this policy requirement will help support the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a potential minor positive effect is predicted.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The implementation of this policy has the potential to cause a significant positive effect on this SA objective. Open space provision would be assessed for new housing development sites, and adequate new space created where this is lacking. Development on parks already existing within the Borough would be prevented, as well as development which could alter the setting of these areas. Facilities surrounding open space would also be encouraged, such as toilets and cafes, which may help to improve the quality of these spaces for those using them. For these reasons, a potential significant positive effect is recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The implementation of this policy could aid in maintaining local distinctiveness, as well as making the Borough a more attractive place to live, work and visit. For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ High","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"There is potential for part d of this policy to be more effective if placed into Policy 84: Green Infrastructure Network, as this policy already starts to address the provision of and access to open space within the Borough. This could result in a potential significant positive impact for SA15, as both Green Belt and open space would be clearly mentioned in the policy. \nClarity could be added to the policy by including a definition or map of open space, to which this policy is referring."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"SA15: A potential significant positive effect has been identified for SA15, as the implementation of policy 85: Open Spaces, Sport and Recreation aims to maintain existing open space, an increase future green space where developments are lacking such spaces. Facilities surrounding open space will be encouraged, which should help to improve the quality of these spaces for those using them. Therefore, a potential significant positive effect has been identified. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 81 Bio&Geo","index":84,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Biodiversity and Geodiversity "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","This policy aims “to retain, restore and enhance sites with geological interest where possible.” A minor positive effect is therefore identified.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","This policy aims to protect local biodiversity areas, and stipulates that a biodiversity survey must be completed prior to development of all major development proposals. This could aid in identification of previously unknown areas of biodiversity interest, as well as indicating which sites may hold greater biodiversity assets. However, the impacts of climate change are not considered, and some developments may still be permitted on sites with high biodiversity. Whilst some loss of biodiversity may be mitigated through the environment net gains approach, climate change resilience is not addressed within the policy. Therefore, a potential minor negative impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Negative",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The implementation of this policy has the potential for a significant positive effect on SSSI and Natura 2000 sites. It aims to ensure the protection of such sites through methods such as a biodiversity survey, and limits harmful developments within these areas. This is expected to aid in the recovery of these sites. For this reason, a potential significant positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","This policy has potential to result in a significant positive effect on this SA objective. Through the protection of nationally and locally recognised biodiversity and geodiversity resources, such as Walthamstow Wetlands, Waltham Forest as a borough may be maintained or enhanced as an attractive and distinctive place to live, work and visit. Therefore, an indirect significant positive effect has been recorded. ","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"SA13: Climate change resilience should be addressed within the policy. By specifically defining the spatial extent of “in the vicinity” when referring to biodiversity resources near development sites (paragraph C), clearer decisions could be made about if this policy should be considered prior to development. This may help to ensure that all areas in and around sites of high biodiversity are protected, and that adequate mitigation can be put in place in a timely manner. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant negative effect has been predicted for SA 13. This is due to the caveat in this policy allowing for some development to occur on sites where retention or restoration are not possible. Whilst mitigation measures may be put forwards, the original site could be irreversibly lost or altered, with the key biodiversity features lost. There is no mitigation for such cases. \nPotential significant positive impacts were identified for SA 14 and 16.\nSA 14 concerns the protection of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites, a topic specifically covered in the policy. It is stated that “Development proposals will not normally be granted planning permission” for SSSI, SAC, SINC and RAMSAR sites. Additional sites specific to Waltham Forest are also protected by this policy. Hence, a significant positive effect was predicted. \nSA16 examines the local distinctiveness. This policy refers to the protection of locally recognised spaces within the Borough, such as Walthamstow Wetlands.  Protection of these local sites will aid in maintaining the distinctiveness of the Borough, thus a significant positive impact has been identified for this SA objective. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Trees "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy protects trees that contribute to the amenity of an area and also recognises the value of them in terms of green infrastructure and their role in enhancing air quality.  If implemented this policy will contribute to improving health and well being by protecting the amenity of trees as an asset and also their contribution to tackling poor air quality.  Therefore a potential minor positive effect is predicted.  \n\n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy seeks to protect trees of significant amenity value and promotes tree planting in all new developments as well as encouraging the positive integration of existing trees into new development.  This will help support the development of high quality places and is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.  \n ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","This policy aims to protect veteran, ancient and notable trees and those of ecological/habitat conservation value.  A minor positive effect is therefore predicted. ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","This policy has potential to result in a significant positive effect on this SA objective. Through the retention and protection of significant existing trees with high amenity, historic or ecological/habitat conservation value.  This will help to maintain and improve local distinctiveness and is therefore considered to have a potential  indirect significant positive effect.","Indirect","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy supports development proposals that protect significant existing trees with high amenity value which have scope for screening other properties/ features as well as those of historic value.  If implemented this will ensure new developments respect the urban and historic environment.  Therefore an indirect minor positive effect is predicted.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"SA13: Specific reference to the important role trees can have to help improve air quality and contribute to climate change resilience could be made to enhance the performance of this policy."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant negative effect has been predicted for SA 13. This is due to the caveat in this policy allowing for some development to occur on sites where retention or restoration are not possible. Whilst mitigation measures may be put forwards, the original site could be irreversibly lost or altered, with the key biodiversity features lost. There is no mitigation for such cases. \nPotential significant positive impacts were identified for SA 14 and 16.\nSA 14 concerns the protection of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites, a topic specifically covered in the policy. It is stated that “Development proposals will not normally be granted planning permission” for SSSI, SAC, SINC and RAMSAR sites. Additional sites specific to Waltham Forest are also protected by this policy. Hence, a significant positive effect was predicted. \nSA16 examines the local distinctiveness. This policy refers to the protection of locally recognised spaces within the Borough, such as Walthamstow Wetlands.  Protection of these local sites will aid in maintaining the distinctiveness of the Borough, thus a significant positive impact has been identified for this SA objective. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","The Epping Forest and the Epping Forest Special Area of Conservation"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","This policy seeks to protect Epping Forest and the Epping Forest SAC from potential effects of development. This policy may therefore conflict with the achievement of this SA objective. HRA screening has identified potential significant effects from housing development on the Natura 2000 sites. This will be investigated within the Local Plan HRA which is yet to be concluded. ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy seeks to protect and enhance the natural environment of Epping Forest SAC and to ensure that development proposals contribute to the mitigation of adverse recreational and air quality effects on the Epping Forest SAC.  For example, new residential developments will have to provide ecological benefit or suitable alternative natural green space depending on the number of residential units.  This will help to ensure access to green space and promote healthy lifestyles.  For this reason, a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy seeks to protect and enhance the natural environment of Epping Forest and the SAC designation and therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and for this reason, a potential significant positive impact has been recorded.","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy seeks to protect and enhance the natural environment of Epping Forest and the SAC designation and therefore fully supports the achievement of this objective and for this reason, a potential significant positive impact has been recorded.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The Epping Forest is the largest open space in London.  This policy protects this open space and therefore a potential significant positive effect is recorded for this SA \nobjective.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy seeks to protect and enhance the natural environment of the Epping Forest and its SAC as well as avoid adverse impacts on ecological integrity, amenity and or visitor enjoyment.  The implementation of this policy will help to maintain and conserve the local distinctiveness of Epping Forest and is therefore considered to have a potential significant positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA1: the Local Plan HRA identifies mitigation required to ensure that housing development can be delivered in a way which avoids adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites.  The HRA of the Local Plan has not yet been concluded. The SA will be updated once the HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 84 Lee Valley RP","index":87,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","The Lee Valley Regional Park"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","This policy seeks to protect the Lee Valley Regional Park, SPA and Ramsar from potential effects of development. This policy has the potential to conflict with the achievement of this SA objective, however, the HRA Report has identified that mitigation can be put in place to allow houisng development to go ahead at the same time as protecting the Lee Valley Regional Park, SPA and Ramsar. A neutral effect is therefore identified.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","This policy seeks to protect the Lee Valley Regional Park in terms of access to nature and to healthy outdoor recreation.  For this reason, a potential minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective. ","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","Criteria D of the policy requires development proposals in proximity to the Lee Valley Regional Park to improve access and links to the park and its waterways.  This may contribute to improving access to local facilities and is considered to have the potential for an indirect minor positive effect.  \n","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy seeks to ensure that development proposals affecting the Lee Valley Regional Park must not contribute to adverse impact on ecological integrity and development that affects the Lee Valley SPA will contribute to the mitigation of adverse effects on the SPA.  The policy will contribute to conserving and enhancing the ecological integrity of the Lee Valley Regional Park and for this reason, a potential significant positive impact has been recorded.","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Regional/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy seeks to protect and enhance the Lee Valley Regional Park and SPA. A signifcant positive effect is therefore identified.  ","Direct","Short/ Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","National/ High","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The Lee Valley Regional Park provides valuable benefits to local communities in terms of access to nature and to healthy outdoor recreation in the borough.  This policy protects this open space and therefore a potential significant positive effect is recorded for this SA objective.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy seeks to protect the Lee Valley Regional Park and sets out a number of criteria development proposals have to adhere to. The implementation of this policy will help to maintain and conserve the local distinctiveness of Epping Forest and is therefore considered to have a potential significant positive effect.  \n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Regional/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 85 Waterways","index":88,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Protecting and Enhancing Waterways and River Corridors "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy seeks to protect and enhance waterways and river corridors in the borough.  For example, criteria A of the policy makes clear that no deterioration of WFD waterbodies should occur from proposals and that all impacts are mitigated and environmental net benefits are achieved.  Therefore a potential minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective.\n\n","Direct","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","In relation to the potential flood risk of waterways the policy requires that Flood Defence Consent is obtained from the Environment Agency for works in, under, over or adjacent to watercourses.  Therefore a potential minor positive effect has been recorded.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy makes clear that there should be no deterioration of WFD waterbodies from proposals affecting waterways and that all impacts on these waterbodies are mitigated and environmental net benefits are gained.  Proposals should also through considering Flood Defence Consent, address flooding risk from future climate change events.  Overall the policy seeks to protect and enhance waterways and river corridors in the borough and recognises how they support a range of ecological resources.  For this reason a potential minor positive effect has been recorded. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None"]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"SA13: Biodiversity and climate change resilience- Rewording of point 2 to include all developments undergoing Flood Defence Consent (FDC) could help to ensure all development is adequately prepared for the risk of flooding, especially that resulting from climate change. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"No potential significant effects identified. "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Food Growing and Allotments"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The implementation of this policy has the potential to cause a minor positive impact on this SA objective. In particular, resident wellbeing may be improved trough the provision of outside space for food growing and flowers. Hence a minor positive impact has been recorded for this SA objective.  ","Direct","Short","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The implementation of this policy has the potential to cause a minor positive impact on this SA objective. In particular, community cohesion may be improved through the provision of outside space for food growing and flowers. The recreational needs of some residents may also be met. Hence a minor positive effect has been recorded for this SA objective.  ","Direct","Medium","Temporary/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this Local Plan policy will result in an adverse effect on Natura 2000 sites.  The policy could increase fly tipping of garden waste on European sites which could cause a spread of diseases, however, the HRA has not yet been concluded in relation to this potential effect. This assessment will be updated when the HRA is concluded.","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Uncertain"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"SA14: the HRA of the Local Plan will determine whether this policy, in combination with other policies within the Local Plan, could result in adverse effects on Natura 2000 sites. To be updated once HRA is concluded."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"No potential significant effects identified. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 87 A Zero Carbon Borough","index":90,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","A Zero Carbon Borough"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy sets a target for all new development to meet or exceed the zero carbon emissions target in line with the London Plan energy hierarchy. This will contribute to improving the standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough as it will improve air quality for example.  It is therefore considered to have an indirect significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy sets out clear carbon reduction targetsand this includes promoting efficient waste management within new developments.  Criteria E of the policy requires large scale development locations to consider possible opportunities to utilise heat from waste.  It therefore supports the achievement of this objective and is considered to have a potential indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy  sets out clear carbon reduction targets and sets out a number of policy criteria which developments should meet to minimise greenhouse gas emissions, maximise energy efficiency and reduce the borough's carbon footprint.  For example, Criteria C requires all new development to meet or exceed the zero carbon emissions target in line with the London Plan energy hierarchy.   Criteria F requires all developments to achieve a minimum of 35% reduction below Part L on site targeting zero carbon where possible. The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues and is considered to have a potential significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy  sets out clear carbon reduction targets and sets out a number of policy criteria which developments should meet to minimise greenhouse gas emissions, maximise energy efficiency and reduce the borough's carbon footprint.  For example, Criteria C requires all new development to meet or exceed the zero carbon emissions target in line with the London Plan energy hierarchy.   Criteria F requires all developments to achieve a minimum of 35% reduction below Part L on site targeting zero carbon where possible.  The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues and is predicted to have a potential significant positive effect.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy sets out clear carbon reduction targets and sets out a number of policy criteria which developments should meet to maximise energy efficiency and reduce the borough's carbon footprint.  This will contribute to improving air quality and is therefore considered to have a potential indirect minor positive effect. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy seeks to minimise greenhouse gas emissions, reduce the borough's carbon footprint and maximise energy efficiency within developments by setting clear carbon reduction targets which will all improve the borough's resilience to climate change and help reduce the risk of flooding.  It is therefore considered to have a potential significant positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA7 , SA8 and SA11 which relate to promoting low carbon growth, conserving energy and improving the borough's resilience to climate change which this policy promotes.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 88 Dec & Ren Energy","index":91,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Decentralised and Renewable Energy "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy requires new development to maximise its use of decentralised energy systems which will increase lower carbon heating efficiency and help decrease carbon emissions in the borough.  It also requires developers to demonstrate to the LPA's satisfaction why a connection is not feasible or viable if they do not propose to make a connection to an existing or planned network.  This fully supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy promotes the adoption of decentralised energy systems and major developments as defined in the policy criteria will be expected to install communal heating systems and connect to decentralised energy networks.  It also makes clear that all developments will need to demonstrate to the LPA's satisfaction why a connection is not feasible or viable if they do not propose to make a connection to an existing or planned network. This fully supports the achievement of this objective and key sustainability issues.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes the use of decentralised energy systems and sets out a number of policy criteria which new development should consider and implement to achieve this.  This will contribute to improving air quality and is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The adoption of decentralised energy systems which this policy promotes will help the borough become more self-sufficient in its energy use and improve its resilience to climate change.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA7 and SA8 which relate to promoting low carbon growth and conserving energy .  The policy fully supports the achievement of these objectives as it advocates that new developments maximise the use of decentralised energy systems.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 89 Sust Design & Constru","index":92,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Sustainable Design and Construction "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy encourages development that enhances the natural environment as can be seen in Criteria H of the policy which states that development should maximise urban greening, blue and green infrastructure into new and existing developments.  This will contribute to improving the standard of health and well being of those who live and work in the borough and it is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy promotes sustainable design and construction and this includes minimising waste during the construction and operations phases of development as shown in Criteria I.  Criteria J of the policy also requires new development to provide a clear strategy of adequate waste and recycling storage and collection facilities.  It is therefore considered to fully support the achievement of this objective and address key sustainability issues and to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes sustainable design and construction and includes a number of criteria that will help reduce greenhouse gas emission and promote low carbon growth.  For example Criteria K of the policy supports  the low carbon retrofitting of existing buildings to reduce carbon emissions and Criteria G requires all built development to achieve at least a 35% on site carbon reduction below Part L 2013 of the Building Regulations.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect. ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy promotes and supports low carbon sustainable development and sets out a number of criteria of how the sustainable delivery of development can be achieved.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect. ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes sustainable design and construction which will support carbon emissions reductions.  For example, Criteria F of the policy requires development to control and monitor dust, NOx and PM10 and PM2.5 emissions in line with mitigation measures set out in Policy 89 Air Pollution.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy promotes sustainable design and construction which will contribute to improving the borough's resilience to climate change.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Criteria G of the policy requires development to maximise urban greening, blue and green infrastructure and incorporating 'living building' principles into new and existing developments.  This will contribute to enhancing biodiversity and improving resilience to climate change and is predicted to have a minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA6, SA7 and SA8 as the policy promotes the integration of sustainable design standards which include measures to minimise waste, conserve energy and improve resilience to climate change.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 90 Air Pollution","index":93,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Air Pollution"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Waltham Forest has high pollution levels which can have significant impacts on climatic conditions and human health.  As one of the control measures to help reduce the borough's air pollution levels the policy requires new development to mitigate any adverse air pollution impacts.  It therefore supports the achievement of this objective and is predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect rather than a significant effect as it does not address key sustainability issues.   ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy supports the achievement of this objective and sets out policy criteria of how new development should mitigate any adverse air pollution impacts.  For example, Criteria A specifies that new development meets and where possible exceeds air quality neutral standards over its lifetime and does not contribute to a decrease in air quality during the construction and operation stage.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","Criteria F of the policy promotes new development to incorporate on-site measures to improve air quality.  This shows how the policy supports the achievement of this objective and is predicted to have an indirect positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy requires that new development mitigates any adverse air pollution impacts and sets out criteria of how this can be achieved.  This includes the need to undertake Air Quality Assessments for certain types of development and to minimise exposure to air pollution.  Criteria G of the policy states that where major application proposals would not achieve the air quality neutral benchmark, the applicant will be expected to make a financial contribution as set out in the Planning Obligations SPD.  The inclusion of this criteria reduces the overall potential effect to a potential minor positive effect rather than a significant positive effect.    ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy promotes intelligent design of new development to help minimise direct exposure to air pollution.  Criteria F of the policy requires that new development incorporate on-site or off-site measures to improve air quality.  This shows how the policy can contribute to improving the borough's resilience to climate change through the design of new development and is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect is predicted for SA9 as the policy fully promotes improving air quality in the borough.  "]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Water Quality and Water Resources "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues ","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","Criteria C of the policy requires that new developments for residential schemes achieve a water efficiency target of 105 litres per person/day or less, and non-residential developments including refurbishments target maximum water credits in BREEAM or equivalent.  This shows how the policy contributes to conserving energy through incorporating water efficiency in the design of new developments.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy promotes the efficient use of water and requires that new development should prevent any adverse impacts on water quality and water supply.  Criteria B of the policy states that new development should introduce water efficiency measures.\nThe policy also recognises how an increasing population will put a strain on water resources and how the council will work collectively with infrastructure providers, Thames Water, Environment Agency and neighbouring boroughs to manage water, waste water and sewage capacity and infrastructure. It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy promotes the efficient use of water and aims to support development that devises appropriate mitigation measures to protect water quality in line with the Thames River Basin Management Plan and Catchment Flood Management Plans.  It is therefore considered to support the achievement of this objective and could result in an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"."]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect is predicted for SA10 as the policy promotes the efficient use of water.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 92 Contaminated Land","index":95,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Contaminated Land "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy supports new developments on contaminated land where thorough site visits, desk based research and appropriate remediation strategies are put in place.  Allowing suitable development on contaminated land demonstrates an efficient use of land and the policy is therefore considered to support the achievement of this and could result in an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None."]

{"sheet":"Policy 93 Managing Flood Risk","index":96,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Managing Flood Risk "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","Criteria G of the policy requires that all developments provide a detailed on-site surface water management and sustainable drainage strategy and that all developments integrate Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS).  This will contribute to the achievement of this policy and is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy relates specifically to how development should manage flood risk and sets out a number of criteria of how this can be implemented.  It fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues and is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  \n\n","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect is predicted for SA11 as the policy promotes the management of flood risk and fully supports the achievement of this objective.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 94 Overheating","index":97,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Overheating"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy aims to address the issue of overheating and will support development that utilises sustainable design and construction principles to help reduce internal and external temperatures and improve human comfort.  When implemented this will help improve the standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the borough by providing thermally comfortable environments.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy aims to address the issue of overheating and will support development that utilises sustainable design and construction principles.  It also encourages the implementation of adequate mitigation measures to minimise overheating including landscaping and tree planting. Urban greening as sustainable cooling options together with sustainable design and construction will help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth. It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy sets out criteria for how overheating can be prevented.  For example Criteria A states how optimising the layout, orientation, materials, technology and design of new development to minimise any adverse impacts on internal and external temperature, reflection, over-shadowing, micro-climate and wind movement.  The policy promotes the construction of energy efficient buildings and is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy promotes energy efficient design and mitigation measures such as landscaping and tree planting.  These will contribute to improving air quality and it is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy aims to address the issue of overheating and how to avoid exacerbation of the Urban Heat Island effect as climate change brings rising temperatures.  It proposes mitigation measures to help the borough improve resilience to climate change and it is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy encourages development to implement landscaping, tree planting and the use of blue-green infrastructure to minimise overheating.  If implemented this will enhance biodiversity and the natural environment and improve resilience to climate change.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect is predicted for SA8 (conserving energy) as the policy seeks to improve micro-climate conditions and provide thermally comfortable environments through the use of sustainable measures to prevent overheating."]

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[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Waste Management "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy specifically relates to the sustainable management of waste and sets out how the borough can achieve this.   For example, Criteria D encourages new development to include adequate and well designed internal and external storage facilities for residual waste and recycling.  The policy fully supports the achievement of this objective and addresses key sustainability issues including the need to increase recycling and recovery and is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Reversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy encourages new developments to ensure that waste is minimised during construction and to use sustainably sourced materials and where possible re-use construction and demolition waste.  This promotes sustainable design and construction as well as sustainable waste management which will contribute to conserving energy.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None."]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"A potential significant positive effect is predicted for SA6 Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery as the policy relates specifically to the sustainable management of waste.  "]

{"sheet":"Policy 96 Infra & Dev Contribu","index":99,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Infrastructure and Developer Contributions"]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","Criteria B of the policy supports development proposals that provide adequate contributions towards physical, social, community, green and transport infrastructure to meet the needs associated with the development. If implemented these types of infrastructure individually or collectively will contribute to improving the standard of health and well being of those who live and work in the borough.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","Criteria B of the policy supports development proposals that provide adequate contributions towards physical, social, community, green and transport infrastructure to meet the needs associated with the development.  If implemented these types of infrastructure individually or collectively will contribute to improving the standard of health and well being of those who live and work in the borough.  The policy also requires all development proposals to pay the Community Infrastructure Levy which will\nalso help deliver infrastructure in the borough.  It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","\nCriteria B of the policy supports development proposals that provide adequate contributions towards physical and transport infrastructure to meet the needs associated with the development. Criteria D of the policy requires infrastructure provision or enhancements to be provided on-site as an integral part of a development wherever possible and appropriate.  If implemented these types of infrastructure individually or collectively will contribute to achieving this objective and addressing key sustainability issues. The policy also requires all development proposals to pay the Community Infrastructure Levy which will also help deliver infrastructure in the borough.   It is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","Criteria B of the policy supports development proposals that provide adequate contributions towards physical, green and transport infrastructure to meet the needs associated with the development.  If implemented these types of infrastructure could contribute to improving air quality.  It  therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.  ","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","Criteria B of the policy supports development proposals that provide adequate contributions towards green infrastructure to meet the needs associated with the development.  If implemented it will support the achievement of this objective and is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","Criteria B of the policy supports development proposals that provide adequate contributions towards green infrastructure to meet the needs associated with the development.  If implemented it will support the achievement of this objective and is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy supports development proposals that provide adequate contributions towards for example, measures to directly mitigate its impact and towards additional capacity if existing infrastructure will not meet the development's needs.  Contributions towards other infrastructure improvements or provision will be achieved through planning obligations, planning conditions and/or the Community Infrastructure Levy. Improvements to the provision of physical, social, community, green and transport infrastructure will contribute to the achievement of this objective and it is therefore predicted to have an indirect minor positive effect.","Indirect","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"None. "]

{"sheet":"Policy 97 Mon & Prom Grth Targ","index":100,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":19,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[28,1,28,8],[29,1,29,8],[1,2,1,8],[2,2,2,8],[24,1,24,8],[25,1,25,8],[26,1,26,8],[27,1,27,8]]}
[]
[null,"Policy Name:","Monitoring and Promoting the Achievement of Growth Targets "]
[null,"Assumptions:","None. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Direct","Short","Permanent/ Irreversible",null,null,"Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA Objective","Key Sustainability Issues","Description of Impact (Including Effects on Receptor and Effects on Key Sustainability Issues)","Direct/ Indirect/ Cumulative","Duration (short, medium, long term)","Permanent/ Temporary Irreversible/ Reversible","Spatial Extent / Magnitude","Significance",null,null,null,null,"Indirect","Medium","Permanent/ Reversible",null,null,"Significant Negative"]
[null,"SA1. Meet local housing needs through the provision of a range of tenures and sizes of new dwellings \n","As the population continues to increase so does the demand for housing, infrastructure and facilities. \n\nThe population density within the borough exceeds both the London and the national averages.\n\nThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\nPromote high quality housing with a range of tenures to reduce health issues which arise from poor quality accommodation.\n\nThere is a disparity between the cost of housing and the amount that people are able to borrow to purchase a home, which means that many people are unable to access the property market.\n\nThere is a shortfall in the provision of affordable housing to meet the requirements of those in housing need.\n\n28% of households are unsuitably housed; there is a potential shortfall in the provision of family accommodation and there is overcrowding, primarily in the private rental sector.\n\nHomelessness is expected to increase.\n\nNeed to offer greater quality, flexibility and choice to those who rent.\n\nThere is a need to increase the supply of well-designed housing of all tenures.\n\nNeed to introduce more flexible approaches for affordable housing contributions to encourage open market and mixed tenure specialist older people’s housing.","The policy monitors progress towards the achievement of the key targets set out in Policies 2 and 3 for growth.  This includes housing targets.  If the targets are not achieved the policy sets out how the Council will trigger a full or partial review of the plan in order to address the reason/s for under delivery.  The policy is supportive of this objective as it monitors housing delivery to ensure targets are met. It does not address all key sustainability issues however and therefore it is therefore predicted to have a minor positive effect.","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Minor Positive",null,null,null,null,"Cumulative","Long","Temporary/ Irreversible",null,null,"Minor Positive"]
[null,"SA2. Reduce crime and the fear of crime ","Increases in racist and religious hate crimes.\n\nThe percentage of residents that are worried about crime in the borough remains higher than the London average.\n\nNeed to provide safe and accessible environments where crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine quality of life.\n\nNeed to develop an approach to tackling crime, improving liveability and reducing anti-social behaviour.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,"N/A","Short/ Medium","Temporary/ Reversible",null,null,"Minor Negative"]
[null,"SA3. Improve standard of health and wellbeing of those who live and work in the Borough ","Currently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\nImprove life expectancies through promoting healthy lifestyles for all ages.\n\nNeed to ensure adequate access to green spaces and recreational facilities to promote active and healthy lifestyles.\n\nNeed to increase recognition of the growing evidence of a relationship between physical and mental health.\n\nNeed to ensure that hospitals have fit for purpose facilities (i.e. less converted houses) that meet the needs of patients.\n\nNeed to increase levels of active travel throughout the borough in order to increase physical activity levels and tackle poor air quality.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,null,null,"Medium/ Long","N/A",null,null,"Neutral"]
[null,"SA4. Improve community cohesion and reduce inequalities through the provision of community facilities to meet local cultural, educational, recreational and social needs ","Inequalities in health and life expectancy between ethnic groups.\n\nDisparities between wards, particularly between the north and south of the borough.\n\nNeed to provide inclusive services; promote equal opportunities; oppose discrimination, intolerance and disadvantage through reducing inequalities and promoting community cohesion.\nHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tThere is a need to create high quality places to live, work and recreate that are mixed and well-balanced in terms of tenure and income.\n\n\tAdequate support and facilities for older residents, including independent living, has been noted in particular to be needed.\n\n\tNeed to build on borough’s arts, culture and sport strengths across the borough's diverse and changing population.\n \n\tNeed to reduce the number of older people who feel socially isolated, by getting them actively participating in community life.\n\n\tCurrently a large proportion of the population are aged over 50 and this is projected to rise over the next 20 years (+26% rise by 2021 ).\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tHelp to support development of successful neighbourhoods.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all residents have access to training and skills development to enable them to access and progress into high quality employment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Low",null,"N/A",null,null,null,"Uncertain"]
[null,"SA5. Improve opportunities for access to local services, facilities and employment through an integrated sustainable transport system, reducing car use for all journey lengths ","\t\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute to further air pollution, and associated impacts on climate, human health and biodiversity. \n\n\tNeed to work towards improving air quality and reducing noise impacts from transport.\n\n\tThere is a need to make public transport more accessible in some areas of the borough.\n\n\tThere is a need to promote walking and cycling (building on Enjoy Waltham Forest (“Mini Holland”) programmes) for local journeys in place of travel by private car. There should also be a focus on promoting public transport use instead of cars for medium and longer journeys.\n\n\tThere is a need to reduce car parking spaces in order to discourage private car use and improve air quality.\n\n\tOne in five journeys each weekday morning and afternoon involves trips to school, even though most journeys to schools are under a mile. There is a need to reduce school journeys by reducing Drop Off/Pick Up arrangements for new school developments, and encouraging sustainable, active travel amongst school pupils.\n\n\tAs the population grows, so does the need to change current infrastructure to meet the demands of all residents whilst making it future proof. \n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to provide public transport capacity and safeguard land for transport.\n\n\tHelp to enhance London’s transport connectivity.\n\n\tImprovements to road safety are needed to reduce casualties.\n\n\tNeed to make cycle parking safe and easy to use.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. \n","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ Medium"]
[null,"SA6. Prevent production of waste, improve resource efficiency and increase recycling and recovery ","\tThe amount of waste produced is reducing but still exceeds both the London and national average. \n\n\tThe London Plan encourages greater self-sufficiency for waste management in London and sustainable transportation of waste.\n\n\tRecycling is increasing but still falls short of government targets.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that growth supports the delivery of vital infrastructure and new facilities across the borough.\n\n\tNeed to minimise the impact of municipal waste management on the borough’s environment. \n\n\tNeed to reduce the carbon footprint of municipal waste.\n\n\tNeed to ensure that all waste is managed in the most environmentally friendly way.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Local/ High"]
[null,"SA7. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low carbon growth ","\tGreenhouse gas emissions need to be stabilised and reduced over time.\n\n\tHelp promote low carbon heat network. \n\n\tNeed to identify opportunities for growth of the low carbon economy in the Upper Lee Valley.\n\n\tThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Low"]
[null,"SA8. Conserve energy ","\tThere is a need to continue to promote the construction of energy efficient buildings, and to support the installation of renewable and low or zero carbon technology. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ Medium"]
[null,"SA9. Improve air quality ","\tContinual growth in car ownership will contribute further air pollution. \n\n\tReliance on the petrol or diesel-fuelled private car as the main mode of transport.\n\n\tAir pollution from the strategic road network is an issue across the borough and NO2 emissions are remaining constant, not decreasing as predicted. \n\n\tIncreasing use of biofuels (biodiesel and biomass) for heating schemes will cause further air quality issues. \n\n\tNeed to help reduce pollution from road vehicles, buildings, industry and construction.\n\n\tNeed to improve efficacy of measures within the AQMA. \nThere is a need to provide electric vehicle infrastructure, such as charging points. ","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"Regional/ High"]
[null,"SA10. Improve water quality in rivers and groundwater and ensure the efficient use of water resources ","\tDiffuse urban water pollution exists in local rivers and water bodies.\n\nThere should be no deterioration in the health and quality of existing water bodies and development should improve the status of waterbodies to achieve 'Good Overall Status' in accordance with the Water Framework Directive', such as through installing rain planters and reed beds.\n\n\tIncreasing population will put strain on water resources.\n\nNew development will need to allow for an 8 metre buffer zone on both sides of a main river to allow access to the flood defences for maintenance or essential remedial work as well as promoting green and blue infrastructure links, water quality and human health.\n\n\tPotential impacts of the Local Plan policies and site allocations on groundwater need to be identified and addressed.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Low"]
[null,"SA 11. Reduce the risk of flooding and improve resilience to climate change ","\tHigh number of properties at risk at flooding and there is a need to promote the construction of new flood resistance and resilience measures for existing and future properties to ensure they are resilient to the future effect of climate change and protected against future flood risk.  \n\nNatural flood management techniques should be promoted.  \n\n\tNew development will need to incorporate SUDS to sustainably reduce flood risk and there is a need to encourage the retrofitting of existing developments with SUD systems.\n\nEnsure that existing flood defences are maintained responsibly by the riparian owner for remedial works to be carried out where necessary.\n\n\tNeed to promote the use of new technologies and innovation in flood mitigation measures.\n\n\tThere will be an increasing need to plan for and implement/facilitate climate change adaptation, in respect of rising temperatures, water scarcity and extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall/flooding.\n\n\tThere is a need to plan and prepare for the expected impacts of unavoidable climate change by developing adaptation responses and building resilience. \n\n\tNew developments need to minimise vulnerability and provide resilience to climate change.\n\n\tThere is a need to work with communities to help tackle climate change.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ Medium"]
[null,"SA12. Ensure the efficient use of land and buildings and protect soil quality and geological resources ","\tThere is finite availability of previously developed land for development; this may result in the use of greenfield land in the future. \n\n\tThere is a need to protect soils and the important ecosystem services they provide – particularly during construction and development.\n\n\tNeed to protect designated geological sites.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"National/ High"]
[null,"SA13. Conserve and enhance biodiversity and the natural environment, improving resilience to climate change ","\tSupport is needed to achieve local BAP targets.\n\n\tNeed to promote effective land-management to support, protect and enhance biodiversity.\n\n\tIncreases in population will cause a demand for more development, where there is a potential for loss of valuable habitats which have yet to be designated for nature conservation as a direct result.\n\n\tConsider and plan for the impacts of climate change on species and habitats.\n\n\tThere is a need to help encourage people to engage with the ownership, design, management, maintenance and use of their environment as part of their own vision for their neighbourhood.\n\n\tNeed to recognise the wider benefits of ecosystem services and minimise impacts on biodiversity.\n\nIncrease awareness that green infrastructure and resilient ecological networks play an important role in aiding climate change adaptation and resilience.\n\nSeek to enhance green infrastructure networks within the borough.\n\nEnsure current ecological networks are not compromised, and future improvements in habitat connectivity are not prejudiced.\n\nIn line with NPPF, paragraph 174, new development should achieve biodiversity net-gain in a hierarchical approach with on-site net-gain being preferred and off-site compensation as a last resort.\n\n\tNeed to work to conserve and enhance the local environment.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral",null,null,null,"N/A"]
[null,"SA14. Protect the ecological integrity of SSSI and Natura 2000 sites ","\tLarge areas of the SSSI sites are considered to be in either unfavourable with no change or to be in an unfavourable and declining condition;\n\n\tSSSIs and European sites within the borough are under threat from poor air quality, recreational pressure and urban effects (including issues with litter).\n\n\tNeed to protect and enhance the wildlife and habitats in Waltham Forest, in particular those of international, national and regional importance.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA15. Maintain and enhance the quality of the green belt and open space areas ","\tLarge areas of open space are Metropolitan Green Belt. There is a need to protect these areas of open space from development pressure.\n\nThere is a need to protect open space of varying types, which is used heavily by residents in the borough.  For example, allotment space.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA16. Maintain and improve local distinctiveness ","\tNeed to establish a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive and comfortable places to live, work and visit.\n\t\n\tNeed to work towards conserving local character and history, by reflecting the identity of local surroundings and materials. This should not prevent or discourage appropriate innovation.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA17. Conserve and enhance the historic built environment ","\tA number of listed buildings are identified as being in poor condition and are have been included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. Opportunities exist to improve the condition of some listed buildings through development.\n\nThe borough contains 20 Archaeological Priority Areas where there is significant known archaeological interest or potential for new discoveries.\n\n\tEnsure that the Conservation Areas, Heritage Assets (including archaeology) and features are preserved or enhanced.\n\n\tNew developments should respect the urban and historic context, improve townscape and leave a positive architectural legacy.\n\n\tImpacts of future development on the local historic environment need to be considered.\n\n\tHeritage assets should be managed to sustain their significance. \n\n\tEnsure that everyone is able to participate in understanding and sustaining their local historic environment.\n\n\tDevelopment could encroach on Conservation Areas and subsequently negatively affect townscape and heritage assets.","The policy neither supports nor detracts from the achievement of the SA objective.  Therefore a neutral effect is predicted.  ","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","Neutral"]
[null,"SA18. Maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of the Borough’s town centres ","\tFurther action is needed in order to support and promote retail, business, cultural, leisure and residential investment in town centres.","The policy monitors and promotes the achievement of growth targets relating to housing, affordable housing, employment space and retail space. The delivery of these developments will contribute to maintaining and enhancing the vitality of the borough's town centres.  It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA19. Improve the local economy by enabling employment developments in appropriate places ","Action is needed to provide more support for business start-ups because only 71% of new businesses in the borough survive more than 2 years.\n\nLower than average salaries could affect the borough’s ability to attract inward investment.\n\nContinue to support the Upper Lee Valley Development Opportunity Area and celebrate its industrial heritage.\n\nThere are likely to be ongoing pressures on industrial sites, need to maintain industrial uses and promote strong local base of small businesses. \n\nNeed to provide additional workspaces and promote denser, mixed use development with no net loss of business floor space. ","The policy monitors and promotes the delivery of employment space and sites to ensure the related targets are met.  If these sites are delivered it will improve the local economy and is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Medium","Significant Positive"]
[null,"SA20. Maintain stable levels of employment in the Borough ","Skills development in growth areas is also needed both for those who are currently unemployed or underemployed.\n\nEncourage and promote flexible working arrangements for residents to support people when gaining skills and moving into employment.\n\nThere are large inequalities in employment and skill levels between wards within the borough. Need to ensure that regeneration is inclusive.\n\nEnsure that ongoing business growth becomes a driver of productivity and fairer wages (e.g. encouraging the London Living Wage), in order to create an increase in the overall prosperity of the Waltham Forest borough.\n\nThere is a need to create fair employment and good work for all.\nIn work support is needed to ensure sustainment of jobs, professional development and progression into better paid, secure higher quality jobs.\n\nNeed to promote employment, training programmes and sector based initiatives in the growth of skills to support creative and digital industries, construction and facilities management, retail and hospitality, and finance and business services.","The policy monitors and promotes the delivery of employment space and sites to ensure the related targets are met.  If these sites are delivered then it will create employment opportunities that will contribute to maintaining stables levels of employment in the borough.   It is therefore predicted to have a significant positive effect.  ","Direct","Medium/ Long","Permanent/ Irreversible","Local/ Low","Significant Positive"]
[null,"Mitigation"]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Enhancements "]
[null,"None. "]
[null,"Summary of potential significant effects"]
[null,"Potential significant positive effects are predicted for SA18, SA19 and SA20 as the policy monitors and promotes the achievement of growth targets which if successful and growth targets are achieved will contribute towards maintaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of the borough's town centres, improving the local economy and maintaining levels of employment."]

{"sheet":"Summary table","index":101,"n_rows":206,"n_cols":50,"rows_kept":206,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
[null,null,null,null,null,"I",5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy Name","SA1","SA2","SA3","SA4","SA5","SA6","SA7","SA8","SA9","SA10","SA11","SA12","SA13","SA14","SA15","SA16","SA17","SA18","SA19","SA20"]
[4,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A3)","v":"Policy 1 Sustainable Dev"},null,null,null,{"$f":"B3","v":"Policy 1 Sustainable Dev"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F3&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"},null,{"$f":"'Policy 1 Sustainable Dev'!I5","v":"Neutral"},null,"Significant positive","+ +"]
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[6,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A5)","v":"Policy 3 Infrastructure Growth"},null,null,null,"Policy 3 Infrastructure Growth",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F5&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},null,null,null,"Neutral",0]
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[15,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A14)","v":"Policy 12 Inc Hou Supply"},null,null,null,"Policy 12 Inc Hou Supply",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F14&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[16,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A15)","v":"Policy 13 Deli Afford Hsing"},null,null,null,"Policy 13 Deli Afford Hsing",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F15&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[17,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A16)","v":"Policy 14 Aff. Housing Tenure"},null,null,null,"Policy 14 Aff. Housing Tenure",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F16&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[18,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A17)","v":"Policy 15 Housing Size & Mix"},null,null,null,"Policy 15 Housing Size & Mix",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F17&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Site contains 2 Grade II listed building, and is within 50m of another Grade II listed one"]
[19,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A18)","v":"Policy 16 AccessAdpatabl Hsing "},null,null,null,"Policy 16 AccessAdpatabl Hsing ",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F18&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Minor Positive"}]
[20,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A19)","v":"Policy 17 Redev Hsing & Est Reg"},null,null,null,"Policy 17 Redev Hsing & Est Reg",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F19&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[21,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A20)","v":"Policy 18 Other forms of Hsing"},null,null,null,"Policy 18 Other forms of Hsing",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F20&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[22,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A21)","v":"Policy 19 Small Sites "},null,null,null,"Policy 19 Small Sites ",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F21&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[23,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A22)","v":"Policy 20 Hsing in Multi Occ"},null,null,null,"Policy 20 Hsing in Multi Occ",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F22&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"sa3: nearest secondary school currently oversubscribed; Site development could cause the loss of the Harold lane play area and Church Lane community Garden"]
[24,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A23)","v":"Policy 21 Downsizing "},null,null,null,"Policy 21 Downsizing ",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F23&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[25,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A24)","v":"Policy 22 Sup & Spec Accom"},null,null,null,"Policy 22 Sup & Spec Accom",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F24&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[26,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A25)","v":"Policy 23 Gypsies & Travellers"},null,null,null,"Policy 23 Gypsies & Travellers",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F25&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[27,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A26)","v":"Policy 24 CommSelf Build Hsing"},null,null,null,"Policy 24 CommSelf Build Hsing",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F26&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[28,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A27)","v":"Policy 25 Sup Econ Growth & Job"},null,null,null,"Policy 25 Sup Econ Growth & Job",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F27&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Significant Positive"}]
[29,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A28)","v":"Policy 26 Safeguarding SIL"},null,null,null,"Policy 26 Safeguarding SIL",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F28&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Significant Positive"}]
[30,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A29)","v":"Policy 27 Safeguarding LSIS"},null,null,null,"Policy 27 Safeguarding LSIS",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F29&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Significant Positive"}]
[31,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A30)","v":"Policy 28 Safeguarding BEA"},null,null,null,"Policy 28 Safeguarding BEA",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F30&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Significant Positive"}]
[32,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A31)","v":"Policy 29 Appro to Non-Desig EL"},null,null,null,"Policy 29 Appro to Non-Desig EL",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F31&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Significant Positive"}]
[33,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A32)","v":"Policy 30 Indust Master Approac"},null,null,null,"Policy 30 Indust Master Approac",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F32&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Significant Positive"}]
[34,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A33)","v":"Policy 31 Co-location Design"},null,null,null,"Policy 31 Co-location Design",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F33&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Minor Positive"}]
[35,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A34)","v":"Policy 32 Workspaces "},null,null,null,"Policy 32 Workspaces ",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F34&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Significant Positive"}]
[36,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A35)","v":"Policy 33 Affordable Workspaces"},null,null,null,"Policy 33 Affordable Workspaces",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F35&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Uncertain"}]
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[38,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A37)","v":"Policy 35 Railway Arches "},null,null,null,"Policy 35 Railway Arches ",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F37&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Minor Positive"}]
[39,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A38)","v":"Policy 36 Promoting Cult&Creati"},null,null,null,"Policy 36 Promoting Cult&Creati",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F38&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[40,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A39)","v":"Policy 37 Protecting Pubs"},null,null,null,"Policy 37 Protecting Pubs",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Negative"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F39&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[41,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A40)","v":"Policy 38 Blackhorse Lane CEZ"},null,null,null,"Policy 38 Blackhorse Lane CEZ",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F40&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Minor Positive"}]
[42,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A41)","v":"Policy 39 Hierarchy of Centres"},null,null,null,"Policy 39 Hierarchy of Centres",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F41&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Significant Positive"}]
[43,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A42)","v":"Policy 40 Retail Office & Leisu"},null,null,null,"Policy 40 Retail Office & Leisu",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F42&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Minor Positive"}]
[44,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A43)","v":"Policy 41 Des Centre & Parades"},null,null,null,"Policy 41 Des Centre & Parades",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F43&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Minor Positive"}]
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[48,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A47)","v":"Policy 45 Proposals Non-Des Cen"},null,null,null,"Policy 45 Proposals Non-Des Cen",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F47&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Minor Negative"}]
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[50,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A49)","v":"Policy 46 Evening & Night Uses"},null,null,null,"Policy 46 Evening & Night Uses",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F49&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Minor Positive"}]
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[52,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A51)","v":"Policy 48 Soc&CommInfra"},null,null,null,"Policy 48 Soc&CommInfra",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F51&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
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[54,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A53)","v":"Policy 50 PromotHealthComms"},null,null,null,"Policy 50 PromotHealthComms",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F53&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[55,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A54)","v":"Policy 51 Health Impact Assess"},null,null,null,"Policy 51 Health Impact Assess",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F54&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
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[57,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A56)","v":"Policy 53 Noise, Vib & Light Po"},null,null,null,"Policy 53 Noise, Vib & Light Po",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F56&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[58,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A57)","v":"Policy 54 HotFoodTakeaways"},null,null,null,"Policy 54 HotFoodTakeaways",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Minor Negative"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F57&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[59,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A58)","v":"Policy 55 Betting& Payday Shops"},null,null,null,"Policy 55 Betting& Payday Shops",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F58&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[60,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A59)","v":"Policy 56 High Qu Design"},null,null,null,"Policy 56 High Qu Design",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Minor Negative"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F59&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
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[79,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A78)","v":"Policy 75 Archaeological PZs"},null,null,null,"Policy 75 Archaeological PZs",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Negative"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Minor Negative"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F78&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[80,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A79)","v":"Policy 76 NonDesignat Heritage"},null,null,null,"Policy 76 NonDesignat Heritage",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Minor Negative"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F79&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[81,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A80)","v":"Policy 77 Locally Listed Build."},null,null,null,"Policy 77 Locally Listed Build.",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F80&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[82,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A81)","v":"Policy 78 Highams Area of SC"},null,null,null,"Policy 78 Highams Area of SC",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F81&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[83,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A82)","v":"Policy 79 GreenInfraNatEnvi"},null,null,null,"Policy 79 GreenInfraNatEnvi",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Uncertain"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F82&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[84,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A83)","v":"Policy 80 OpenSpaSpoRec"},null,null,null,"Policy 80 OpenSpaSpoRec",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F83&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
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[96,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A95)","v":"Policy 92 Contaminated Land"},null,null,null,"Policy 92 Contaminated Land",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F95&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
[97,{"$f":"INDEX(SheetNames,A96)","v":"Policy 93 Managing Flood Risk"},null,null,null,"Policy 93 Managing Flood Risk",{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&G$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&H$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&I$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&J$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&K$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&L$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&M$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&N$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&O$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&P$1)","v":"Minor Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Q$1)","v":"Significant Positive"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&R$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&S$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&T$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&U$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&V$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&W$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&X$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Y$1)","v":"Neutral"},{"$f":"INDIRECT(\"'\"&$F96&\"'\"&\"!\"&$F$1&Z$1)","v":"Neutral"}]
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[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy Name","SA1","SA2","SA3","SA4","SA5","SA6","SA7","SA8","SA9","SA10","SA11","SA12","SA13","SA14","SA15","SA16","SA17","SA18","SA19","SA20"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 1 Sustainable Dev",{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(G3,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(H3,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},"+","+",0,0,"+","+",0,0,"+",0,0,0,"+",0,0,"+","+",0]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 2 Scale of Growth ","+ +",{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(H4,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},0,0,0,"-",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"?",0,0,0,"+ +","+","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 3 Infrastructure Growth","+",0,"+","+","+ +",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"?",0,0,0,"+","+","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 4 Location of Growth","+ +",0,"+","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +",0,0,"+",0,0,"+","+","+ +"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 5 Management of Growth",0,0,"+","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +",0,0,"+",0,"+ +","+","+","+ +"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 6 Ensuring Good Growth ","+ +","+ +","+ +","+",0,0,"+ +","+ +",0,0,"+","+ +","+",0,"+ +",0,"+ +","+","+","+ +"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 7 Mixed Use Development","+",0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,"+ +","+","+","+ +","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 8 Intensification","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +",0,"?",0,"+ +","+","+","+ +","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 9 South Waltham Forest","+ +","+ +","+","+","+","+","+",0,"+",0,0,0,0,"?",0,"-","+",0,"+ +","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 10 Central WalthamForest","+ +","+","+","+","+ +",0,"+",0,"+",0,0,0,0,"?",0,"+","+","+ +","+","+ +"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 11 North Waltham Forest","+ +","+","+","+","+",0,"+",0,"+",0,"?",0,0,"?","+ +",0,0,"+ +","+ +","+ +"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 12 Inc Hou Supply","+ +",0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,"?","+ +",0,"?",0,0,0,"+ +",0,0]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 13 Deli Afford Hsing","+ +",0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,"+ +",0,0]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 14 Aff. Housing Tenure","+ +",0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +",0,0]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 15 Housing Size & Mix","+ +",0,"+","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 16 AccessAdpatabl Hsing ","+",0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 17 Redev Hsing & Est Reg","+ +",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +",0,"?",0,{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(V19,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},0,0,0,0]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 18 Other forms of Hsing","+ +",{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(H20,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},0,"+","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,"?",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 19 Small Sites ","+ +",0,"+","+","+",0,"+",0,"+",0,0,"?",0,"?","?",0,0,"+ +",0,0]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 24 CommSelf Build Hsing","+ +",0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 26 Safeguarding SIL",0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"?",0,"+",0,"+ +","+ +","+ +"]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 30 Indust Master Approac",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,"?",0,"+",{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(W32,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},0,"+ +","+ +"]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 32 Workspaces ",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,"?",0,0,0,"+ +","+ +","+ +"]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 34 LocalJobs Skill & Tr",0,{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(H36,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},"+","+ +","+",0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +","+ +","+ +"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 35 Railway Arches ",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,"+ +","+","+","+ +","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 36 Promoting Cult&Creati",0,0,0,"+ +","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,"+ +",0,0]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 37 Protecting Pubs",0,0,"+","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"-",0,0,0,"+","+ +","+",0,0]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 39 Hierarchy of Centres",0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +","+","+ +"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 40 Retail Office & Leisu",0,0,"+","+ +","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +","+","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 41 Des Centre & Parades",0,0,0,"+ +",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +",0,0,0,"+",0,"+ +","+","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 42 Man COU Prim Shops",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,"+","+","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 43 Man COU Nonshop Front",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,"+","+","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 44 Manage COU Neigh Cent",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,"+","+","+"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 45 Proposals Non-Des Cen","+",0,"+","+","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,"+",0,0,"+","-"]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 60 Designing out Crime",0,"+ +",0,"+ +",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,"+",0,0,0,0]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 67 Cons. Logistics Plan",0,0,"+",0,0,0,"+",0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(W70,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},0,0,0]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 68 Manag Vehicle Traffic",0,0,"+ +",0,"+",0,"+ +",0,"+ +",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(W71,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},0,0,0]
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[null,null,null,null,null," Policy 70 Utilities Infrastruc","+",0,0,"+",0,0,"+","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(W73,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},"+",0,0]
[null,null,null,null,null," Policy 71 Digital Infrastruct","+",0,"+","+","+",0,"+","+","+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(W74,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},"+",0,"+ +"]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 78 Highams Area of SC",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+",{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(W81,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":"+ +"},0,0,0]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Policy 83 Epping Forest SAC","?",0,"+",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"+ +","+ +","+ +","+ +",{"$f":"INDEX($AE$3:$AE$9,MATCH(W86,$AD$3:$AD$9,0))","v":0},0,0,0]
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[null,"Thatched House NC",6,{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},"j10",33]
[null,"Thatched House NC",7,{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},{"$error":"#REF!"},"j11",33]
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{"sheet":"Pivot Chart","index":103,"n_rows":9,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":9,"cut":false,"hidden":true,"merged":[]}
["Site Name","Thatched House NC"]
[]
["Values"]
["Sum of Uncertain",{"$error":"#REF!"}]
["Sum of Neutral",{"$error":"#REF!"}]
["Sum of Minor Negative",{"$error":"#REF!"}]
["Sum of Minor Positive",{"$error":"#REF!"}]
["Sum of Significant Negative",{"$error":"#REF!"}]
["Sum of Significant Positive",{"$error":"#REF!"}]